N-Heterocyclic Carbenes Capped Metal Nanoparticles: An Overview of Their Catalytic Scope

Hollow Microporous Organic Polymer@Hypercrosslinked Polymer Catalysts Bearing N-Heterocyclic Carbene–Iron Species for the Synthesis of Biomass-Derived Polymer Platforms

“…It is also noteworthy that the NHC ligands have been utilized in the stabilization of metal nanoclusters and nanoparticles. 42,43 Interestingly, small Cl 2p 1/2 and 2p 3/2 orbital peaks appeared at 201.8 and 200.2 eV, respectively, in the XPS spectra of HCP, HCP-Im, HMOP@HCP-2, and HMOP@HCP-Im, originating from the −CH 2 Cl groups formed through the replacement of Br in −CH 2 Br with Cl from FeCl 3 . In comparison, the XPS Cl 2p 1/2 and 2p 3/2 orbital peaks of HCP-Fe and HMOP@HCP-Fe appeared at 199.8 and 198.2 eV, respectively, corresponding to the FeCl x species (Figure S4).…”

Cyclic(alkyl)(amino)carbene-Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles for Selective CO2 Reduction

“…Owing to its ease of synthesis, diverse stability, and delocalized back bonding, various C2-functionalized NHCs have become potential candidates as surface capping agents in comparison to widely used long aliphatic chains of thiol (−SH) and amines (−NH 2 ) in recent nanochemistry . Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) are commonly synthesized by the reduction of metal salt precursor compounds in the liquid phase (bottom-up) or via ligand exchange (top-down) . The catalytic performance and stability of the MNPs are largely controlled by the surface ligands, particle size, shape, and defect sites .…”

“…This modification significantly alters the electronic properties of CAAC, making it more nucleophilic (σ-donating) and electrophilic (π-accepting) than that of NHCs (Figure ). It is already demonstrated that NHC ligands can boost the catalytic activity of the MNPs. ,,,, Hence, CAAC was anticipated to perform better than the reported ligands as it has already been proven an excellent ligand for stabilizing several unusual compounds and radical species due to its electron-rich nature. ,− It has already been shown that the support of CAAC can stabilize a dimeric Au(0) complex, but NHCs fail to do the same due to their difference in electronic properties. , Moreover, there is no precedence of CAAC functionalization on the surface of the MNPs, invoking curiosity about its effect on the surface. Very recently, deposition of CAAC has been utilized on the surfaces of Au(111), Ag(111), and Cu(111). , Many pioneers in the field mentioned the possibility of CAAC on the MNP surfaces as a capping agent. ,, However, it remains unexplored.…”

Comprehensive enhancement in electrocatalytic oxygen evolution performance of nickel and cobalt complexes derived from π-conjugated N-heterocyclic carbene ligands through carbon composite strategy

“…16 The focus on transition-metal compounds of heterocyclic carbenes has its roots in the peculiar properties of carbenes when attached to a metal. 17 These NHCs are σ-donating ligands and are analogous to N-, P- or O-donating ligands and are a substitute for Fischer- or Schrock-type carbenes. 18 Contrary to the typical carbene ligands, the metal–carbene (NHC) bond is much longer and chemically and thermally more inert towards cleavage, bearing a high degree of dissociation energies.…”