N doping of polyacetylene

Benamara, A. Ali; Galtier, M.; Montaner, A.

doi:10.1016/0379-6779(91)90993-f

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The first and most fundamental class of n-dopants are the alkali and alkaline earth metals. Li, Na, K, and Cs are all known to reduce a wide range organic semiconductors including materials with LUMOs well above −3 eV. − As with p-type elemental dopants, alkali cations diffuse readily through organic layers leading to short operational lifetimes . Moreover, the alkali metals are themselves difficult and often dangerous to handle.…”

Section: Chemistry Of Dopantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doped Organic Transistors

et al. 2016

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Organic field-effect transistors hold the promise of enabling low-cost and flexible electronics. Following its success in organic optoelectronics, the organic doping technology is also used increasingly in organic field-effect transistors. Doping not only increases device performance, but it also provides a way to fine-control the transistor behavior, to develop new transistor concepts, and even improve the stability of organic transistors. This Review summarizes the latest progress made in the understanding of the doping technology and its application to organic transistors. It presents the most successful doping models and an overview of the wide variety of materials used as dopants. Further, the influence of doping on charge transport in the most relevant polycrystalline organic semiconductors is reviewed, and a concise overview on the influence of doping on transistor behavior and performance is given. In particular, recent progress in the understanding of contact doping and channel doping is summarized.

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Section: Chemistry Of Dopantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doped Organic Transistors

et al. 2016

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“…Most Brønsted acids have also been used as p-dopants, particularly for polyanilines and polypyrroles . Nitrosonium salts, e.g., NOBF 4 , are another notable class of dopants that have also been used recently to achieve record-high conductivity, with their effectiveness partly driven by the reduction of nitrosonium to form gaseous nitric oxide. − For n-doping, alkali metals such as Li, Na, K, and Cs have been applied, with the drawbacks of high chemical reactivity and interdiffusion through organic layers owing to their small size. − Salts of alkali metals, particularly oxysalts, have also proven useful for n-doping. − …”

Section: Molecular Doping Of Organic Semiconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

et al. 2021

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Electronic doping in organic materials has remained an elusive concept for several decades. It drew considerable attention in the early days in the quest for organic materials with high electrical conductivity, paving the way for the pioneering work on pristine organic semiconductors (OSCs) and their eventual use in a plethora of applications. Despite this early trend, however, recent strides in the field of organic electronics have been made hand in hand with the development and use of dopants to the point that are now ubiquitous. Here, we give an overview of all important advances in the area of doping of organic semiconductors and their applications. We first review the relevant literature with particular focus on the physical processes involved, discussing established mechanisms but also newly proposed theories. We then continue with a comprehensive summary of the most widely studied dopants to date, placing particular emphasis on the chemical strategies toward the synthesis of molecules with improved functionality. The processing routes toward doped organic films and the important doping−processing−nanostructure relationships, are also discussed. We conclude the review by highlighting how doping can enhance the operating characteristics of various organic devices.

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“…The first dopants reported for n-type organic semiconductors were metal complexes and inorganic salts deposited by thermal evaporation, a process that is incompatible with high-throughput, large-area device manufacturing. − Solution-processable aromatic molecules, such as charge transfer complexes, have also been used as n-type dopants, but they are unstable in air. The use of air-stable precursors, which are then converted by heat or light into the reducing agent, allows overcoming the air instability issue. , The most notable example of solution-processable and air-stable n-type dopant is 4-(1,3-dimethyl-2,3-dihydro-1 H -benzoimidazol-2-yl)- N , N -dimethylaniline ( N -DMBI) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Singly Occupied Molecular Orbital Energy on the n-Doping Efficiency of Benzimidazole Derivatives

Riera‐Galindo

Biroli

Forni

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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We investigated the impact of Singly Occupied Molecular Orbital (SOMO) energy on the n-doping efficiency of benzimidazole-derivatives. By designing and synthesizing a series of new air-stable benzimidazole-based dopants with different SOMO energy levels, we demonstrated that an increase of the dopant SOMO energy by only ~0.3 eV enhances the electrical conductivity of a benchmark electron-transporting naphthalenediimide-bithiophene polymer by more than one order of magnitude. By combining electrical, X-ray diffraction, and electron paramagnetic resonance measurements with density functional theory calculations and analytical transport simulations, we quantitatively characterized the conductivity, Seebeck coefficient, spin density, crystallinity of the doped polymer as a function of the dopant SOMO energy. Our findings strongly indicate that charge and energy transport are dominated by the (relative) position of the SOMO level, whereas morphological differences appear to play a lesser role. These results set molecular-design guidelines for next-generation ntype dopants.

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N doping of polyacetylene

Cited by 14 publications

References 4 publications

Doped Organic Transistors

Doped Organic Transistors

Doping Approaches for Organic Semiconductors

Impact of Singly Occupied Molecular Orbital Energy on the n-Doping Efficiency of Benzimidazole Derivatives

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