N-doped TiO₂nanotubes/N-doped graphene nanosheets composites as high performance anode materials in lithium-ion battery

Hydrothermal synthesis of N-doped TiO2 nanowires and N-doped graphene heterostructures with enhanced photocatalytic properties

“…Fig. S1b shows that the high-resolution N 1s XPS spectra of NeTiO 2 can be resolved into three components at values of 396.3, 399.5 and 401.0 eV corresponding to TieN, OeTieN and molecularly chemisorbed g-N 2 [16,38]. The above results demonstrate that N from the decomposition of urea by hydrothermal reaction can enter not only into the lattice of TiO 2 but also into the skeleton of graphene nanosheets.…”

“…Crystal structure, Raman analysis and BET surface areas 2 NWs, indicating that TiO 2 crystal structure is not destructed though hydrothermal reaction with graphene oxide and urea. It is worth to note that the characteristic peak for graphene nanosheet (26.5 ) has not been observed, which is due to the weak intensity compared with TiO 2 and also demonstrates that TiO 2 NWs were efficiently deposited on the graphene surface, suppressing the stacking of graphene layers [38].…”

“…Moreover, the N 1s peak (Fig. 4d) can be resolved into four components centered at 398.2 eV, 399.6 eV, 400.9 eV and 402.8 eV, representing pyridinic N, pyrrolic N & OeTieN, quaternary N and NeO, suggesting that nitrogen atoms was doped into TiO 2 lattice as well as into graphene framework successfully [38,55,57]. The amount of N dopant is 4.64% based on the XPS analysis.…”

Titanium dioxide/graphene oxide composite and its application as an anode material in non-flammable electrolyte based on ionic liquid and sulfolane

“…The theoretical capacity of graphite is estimated to be 372 mAh g −1 . Structural deformation, initial loss of capacity, and electrical disconnection are the chief disadvantages of the graphite electrode, which limit its application and development [2,3,[9][10][11][12]. Among potential candidates to replace the commonly used carbon (graphite) as anode material, titanium dioxide as well as titania-based materials have been investigated.…”

“…Among potential candidates to replace the commonly used carbon (graphite) as anode material, titanium dioxide as well as titania-based materials have been investigated. Titanium dioxide has been recognized as one of the promising anode materials for LIBs among transition metal oxides, by virtue of its attractive properties which include low cost, high chemical stability, low solubility in organic solution, eco-friendliness, high energy density, and easy availability [5,7,10,12]. In addition, intercalation/deintercalation of titania offers good cycling stability, low volume expansion during charging/ discharging, and increased safety by virtue of the high Li-insertion potential (1.6-1.8 V vs. Li + /Li) [1,3,[12][13][14].…”