N-Doped Graphene and N-Doped Graphene Acid: Heteroatom Doping for Very Efficient Broad-Band Optical Limiting Performance from UV to NIR

Abstract

The present work reports on the exceptional optical limiting performance of some recently synthesized nitrogen-doped graphene derivatives (NGs) by substitutional heteroatom doping. In particular, the optical limiting performance of NGs having different nitrogen contents and some NG-based quantum dots is investigated in a broad-band spectral range, from 355 to 1850 nm, using 4 ns laser pulses. The obtained results show that the present N-doped graphene derivatives exhibit very efficient broad-band optical limiting performance, attaining record low values of optical limiting onset (OLon), in particular for NIR wavelengths, significantly lower than those of other previously studied graphene derivatives and other families of benchmark materials for optical limiting. The present results demonstrate that tuning the N-doping of graphene acid is a very powerful and efficient strategy for the enhancement of the OL action of graphene, rendering it the strongest currently known optical limiting material, improving dramatically its potential for various optoelectronic and photonic applications.

Green synthesis of ultrathin 2D nanoplatelets, hematene and magnetene, from mineral ores in water, with strong optical limiting performance

“…Concerning the origins of the optical limitation phenomena of the investigated Hematene I and Magnetene nanoplatelets under ns irradiation, they can be understood by evoking different physical processes, such as excited state absorption (ESA), two- or multi-photon absorption (TPA/MPA), nonlinear scattering (NLS), and thermal lensing effects. 27 The presence of any NLS was checked and was found to be negligible under the present experimental conditions. In addition, any contribution arising from thermal lensing effects can be excluded, as the laser repetition rate was kept at as low as 1 Hz.…”

Excellent Nonlinear Optical Limiting Behavior of Tetra (C60) Lanthanum Phthalocyanine in Solid Poly(methyl methacrylate) Films

“…The oxidation and reduction potentials of all samples are generalized in Table S1. Equation 1 33 below was used to gain the LUMO of LaPc(CHO) 4 :…”

“…With the rapid development of optical devices, materials with nonlinear optical properties gained great attention and applications in various fields. Phthalocyanines (Pcs) show intense visible region absorption and possess strong triplet excited state absorption (ESA), which make them have been studied for their nonlinear absorption properties for many years with a focus on optical power limiting materials. − These optical power limiting (OL) materials actively attenuate high-intensity light (achieve a certain threshold) while allowing low-intensity light to pass through and are used to prevent damage to sensitive optical detectors and human eyes, caused by laser light. − Pcs are extremely versatile and stable chromophores with unique physicochemical properties, which make them extremely suitable for the construction of molecular materials having excellent nonlinear optical properties. In general, the design of Pcs linked to strong acceptor moieties is particularly promising.…”

Tunable optical absorption in undoped graphene sandwiched between multilayer dielectric stacks with mirror symmetry

“…The optical absorption of undoped graphene monolayer remains relatively constant across different wavelengths (πα ≈ 2.3%), primarily originating from the interband transition [12][13][14][15][16], with σ = e 2 /4ÿ being the optical conductivity of undoped graphene is essential as a key factor determining the absorption [15]. Some reports have suggested the enhancement of optical absorption of graphene via doping [17][18][19][20], while the nondoping approach includes gain-assisted critical coupling [21], periodically patterning graphene into nanodisks [22,23], harnessing the toroidal dipole-bound state in the continuum [24], and coupling it with hole-spaned photonic crystals [22,[25][26][27].…”