N-acetyltransferase AAC(3)-I confers gentamicin resistance to Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora infestans

Evangelisti, Édouard; Yunusov, T. S.; Shenhav, Liron; Schornack, Sebastián

doi:10.1186/s12866-019-1642-0

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 63 publications

(63 reference statements)

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“…The most common gram-negative member of the AME genes they carry is aac (6′) -Ib ( Ramirez and Tolmasky, 2010 ; Shaul et al, 2011 ; Herzog et al, 2012 ). N-acetyltransferase AAC (3)-I was established as a selectable marker for gentamicin-based oomycete transformation, and it was found that N-acetyltransferase AAC (3)-I was responsible for gentamicin resistance in phytophthora palmivora and phytophthora infestans ( Evangelisti et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Bacterial Resistance Mechanism To Aminoglycoside Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Combination Therapy: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

et al. 2022

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After the first aminoglycoside antibiotic streptomycin being applied in clinical practice in the mid-1940s, aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) are widely used to treat clinical bacterial infections and bacterial resistance to AGAs is increasing. The bacterial resistance to AGAs is owed to aminoglycoside modifying enzyme modification, active efflux pump gene overexpression and 16S rRNA ribosomal subunit methylation, leading to modification of AGAs’ structures and decreased concentration of drugs within bacteria. As AGAs’s side effects and bacterial resistance, the development of AGAs is time-consuming and difficult. Because bacterial resistance may occur in a short time after application in clinical practice, it was found that the antibacterial effect of the combination was not only better than that of AGAs alone but also reduce the dosage of antibiotics, thereby reducing the occurrence of side effects. This article reviews the clinical use of AGAs, the antibacterial mechanisms, the molecular mechanisms of bacterial resistance, and especially focuses a recent development of the combination of AGAs with other drugs to exert a synergistic antibacterial effect to provide a new strategy to overcome bacterial resistance to AGAs.

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Section: Bacterial Resistance Mechanism To Aminoglycoside Antibioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotic Combination Therapy: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

et al. 2022

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“…The seeds were germinated on half-strength Murashige & Skoog medium including B5 vitamins (Duchefa Biochemie, Haarlem, the Netherlands) with 1% bactoagar, pH 5.7, and allowed to grow for 17 days at 25˚C under a 16-hour photoperiod. Roots of 17-day-old seedlings were inoculated with 10 μL zoospore solution from P. palmivora LILI [63], which had been transformed anew with pTOR-tdTomato fluorescent reporter provided by Dr Stephen Whisson (The James Hutton Institute, Dundee, UK) following the protocol described by Evangelisti and colleagues [64]. Zoospores were harvested as previously described [65] and diluted to the concentration of 20,000 zoospores/mL (200 zoospores/seedling).…”

Section: Phytophthora Infection Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

MycoRed: Betalain pigments enable in vivo real-time visualisation of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation

et al. 2021

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Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) are mutualistic interactions formed between soil fungi and plant roots. AM symbiosis is a fundamental and widespread trait in plants with the potential to sustainably enhance future crop yields. However, improving AM fungal association in crop species requires a fundamental understanding of host colonisation dynamics across varying agronomic and ecological contexts. To this end, we demonstrate the use of betalain pigments as in vivo visual markers for the occurrence and distribution of AM fungal colonisation by Rhizophagus irregularis in Medicago truncatula and Nicotiana benthamiana roots. Using established and novel AM-responsive promoters, we assembled multigene reporter constructs that enable the AM-controlled expression of the core betalain synthesis genes. We show that betalain colouration is specifically induced in root tissues and cells where fungal colonisation has occurred. In a rhizotron setup, we also demonstrate that betalain staining allows for the noninvasive tracing of fungal colonisation along the root system over time. We present MycoRed, a useful innovative method that will expand and complement currently used fungal visualisation techniques to advance knowledge in the field of AM symbiosis.

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Viable protoplast isolation, organelle visualization and transformation of the globally distributed plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi

Kharel,

Rookes,

Ziemann

et al. 2024

Protoplasma

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Phytophthora cinnamomi is an oomycete plant pathogen with a host range of almost 5000 plant species worldwide and therefore poses a serious threat to biodiversity. Omics technology has provided significant progress in our understanding of oomycete biology, however, transformation studies of Phytophthora for gene functionalisation are still in their infancy. Only a limited number of Phytophthora species have been successfully transformed and gene edited to elucidate the role of particular genes. There is a need to escalate our efforts to understand molecular processes, gene regulation and infection mechanisms of the pathogen to enable us to develop new disease management strategies. The primary obstacle hindering the advancement of transformation studies in Phytophthora is their challenging and unique nature, coupled with our limited comprehension of why they remain such an intractable system to work with. In this study, we have identified some of the key factors associated with the recalcitrant nature of P. cinnamomi. We have incorporated fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry along with the organelle-specific dyes, fluorescein diacetate, Hoechst 33342 and MitoTracker™ Red CMXRos, to assess P. cinnamomi-derived protoplast populations. This approach has also provided valuable insights into the broader cell biology of Phytophthora. Furthermore, we have optimized the crucial steps that allow transformation of P. cinnamomi and have generated transformed isolates that express a cyan fluorescent protein, with a transformation efficiency of 19.5%. We therefore provide a platform for these methodologies to be applied for the transformation of other Phytophthora species and pave the way for future gene functionalisation studies.

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N-acetyltransferase AAC(3)-I confers gentamicin resistance to Phytophthora palmivora and Phytophthora infestans

Cited by 5 publications

References 63 publications

Antibiotic Combination Therapy: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

Antibiotic Combination Therapy: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance to Aminoglycoside Antibiotics

MycoRed: Betalain pigments enable in vivo real-time visualisation of arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation

Viable protoplast isolation, organelle visualization and transformation of the globally distributed plant pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi

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