n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Involved

Calviello, Gabriella; Serini, Simona; Piccioni, Elisabetta

doi:10.2174/092986707782793934

Cited by 116 publications

(100 citation statements)

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“…These acids, mainly those from n-3 family interest consumers and scientists since they could have beneficial effects on human health by preventing some diseases such as asthma, arteriosclerosis, and joint inflammation as well as preventing cardiovascular diseases and delaying the development of some cancers (Kinsella, 1988;Sidhu, 2003;Chen et al, 2007;Calviello et al, 2007). Fish fats included also large amounts of saturated fatty acids mostly associated with triacylglycerols and minor's amounts of phospholipids (Shahidi and Wanasundara, 1998;Qari et al, 2014) and the HMSO (1994) recommend a ratio of PUFA/SFA less than 0.45 in consumed diets.…”

Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remains Permanently Open Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids and amino acids contents in Scomber scombrus fillets from the South East of Tunisia

Salma¹,

Darej²,

Nizar³

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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Proximate composition, fats and amino acids of Atlantic Mackerel fillets (Scomber scombrus) from the South East of Tunisia in different seasons, were analyzed in order to assess nutritive characteristics of this species. Samples were collected monthly from Zarzis fishing port located in the South-East of Tunisia. Total fats and protein contents varied significantly (P<0.05) according to the season. The highest values were obtained in spring (11.53 and 24.1% DM, respectively). Gas chromatography analysis showed the existence of saturated (SFAs), monounsaturated (MUFAs) and polyunsaturated (PUFAs) fatty acids. Palmitic and stearic acids were the major fatty acids in SFA family. Palmitoleic and oleic acids were the predominant in MUFA family. Arachidonic acid was the dominant in n-6 PUFA family. While eicosapentanoic (EPA) and docosahexanoic (DHA) were the most abundant in n-3 PUFA series. We observed that high PUFAs percentages were related to those of n-3 PUFA family, mainly DHA which was present at a high level and varied significantly with season (P< 0.01) with the highest value in winter (40%). The n-6 PUFA series were present at low rates comparatively with those of n-3 PUFA series ranging between 4.5 and 5.7%. The highest level of n-6 PUFAs was observed for arachidonic acid in autumn 3.71%. The n-3/n-6 ratio exhibited the highest level in spring (11.02). The Atlantic Mackerel fillets were high in essential amino acids (34.59 g/100 g of proteins). The highest rates were noted for phenylalanine, valine, threonine, isoleucine, leucine and methionine. It was concluded that Atlantic Mackerel was high in interesting human feeding nutriments, mainly PUFA and essential amino Acids. Even when significant, differences between seasons were not drastic and S. scombrus could be consumed during all the year.

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Section: Author(s) Agree That This Article Remains Permanently Open Amentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids and amino acids contents in Scomber scombrus fillets from the South East of Tunisia

Salma¹,

Darej²,

Nizar³

2016

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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“…(v) Increased oxidative stress: PUFAs are highly peroxidizable, and generated reactive oxygen species may induce apoptosis (54,67). (vi) Improvement of dyslipidemia: hyperlipidemia is a putative risk factor of colon cancer (70,71).…”

Section: Insights Into the Mechanism Of Chemoprevention By V3 Polyunsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and Intervention Trials for Colorectal Cancer

Komiya¹,

Fujii

Takahashi

et al. 2013

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology

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There have been a number of candidates for chemopreventive agents from synthetic drugs and natural compounds suggested to prevent colorectal cancer. However, they have shown modest efficacy in humans. The reason for this could be partly explained by the use of inappropriate models in vitro and in vivo, and the limitation of chemoprevention trials. In Japan, there are no cancer chemopreventive medicines, and few cancer chemoprevention trials to date. In contrast, an increase in the prevalence of colorectal cancer in Japan has forced us to develop more efficient chemopreventive strategies. It is now a good time to review in detail the current status and future prospects for chemoprevention of colorectal cancer with respect to the future development of chemopreventive medicines, particularly using synthetic drugs and natural compounds in Asian populations. The role and mode of action of available synthetic drugs, mainly aspirin and metformin, are reviewed. In addition, the possible impact of natural compounds with anti-inflammatory/immunosuppressive properties, such as v3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and lactoferrin, are also reviewed.

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“…DHA influences not only transduction of signals from the extracellular space, it also functions as a mediator and modulator of the inter-and intracellular signalling network 63 . DHA has been shown to actively modulate protein kinase C (PKC)-related signalling, having various context-dependent impacts on different PKC isoforms.…”

Section: Intracellular Signalling Pathways Affected By Dhamentioning

confidence: 99%

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

Skender¹,

Vaculová²,

Hofmanová³

2012

BIOMED PAP

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Background. Experimental, epidemiological and clinical data substantiate the beneficial role of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in preventing inflammation and cancer of the colon. This review covers the unsaturated docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA), describes some of its important cellular and molecular mechanisms, its interaction with another dietary lipid, butyrate and with endogenous apoptotic regulators of the tumour necrosis factor (TNF) family. We also discuss the clinical impact of this knowledge and the use of these lipids in colon cancer prevention and treatment. Results. From the literature, DHA has been shown to suppress the growth, induce apoptosis in colon cancer cells in vitro and decrease the incidence and growth of experimental tumours in vivo. Based on these data and our own experimental results, we describe and discuss the possible mechanisms of DHA anticancer effects at various levels of cell organization. We show that DHA can sensitize colon cancer cells to other chemotherapeutic/chemopreventive agents and affect the action of physiological apoptotic regulators of the TNF family. Conclusion. Use of n-3 PUFAs could be a relatively non-toxic form of supportive therapy for improving colon cancer treatment and slowing down or preventing its recurrence. However, it is necessary to use them with caution, based on solid scientific evidence of their mechanisms of action from the molecular to the cellular and organism levels.

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n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and the Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms Involved

Cited by 116 publications

References 0 publications

Fatty acids and amino acids contents in Scomber scombrus fillets from the South East of Tunisia

Fatty acids and amino acids contents in Scomber scombrus fillets from the South East of Tunisia

Prevention and Intervention Trials for Colorectal Cancer

Docosahexaenoic fatty acid (DHA) in the regulation of colon cell growth and cell death: A review

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