N‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid attenuates cholesterol gallstones by suppressing mucin production with a high cholesterol diet in mice

Kim, Ja Kyung; Cho, Soo Min; Kang, So Hee; Kim, Eun-Jung; Yi, Hee; Yun, Eun Sun; Lee, Dong Goo; Cho, Hee Jung; Paik, Yong Han; Choi, Yang Kyu; Haam, Seok Jin; Shin, Ho‐Chul; Lee, Dong Ki

doi:10.1111/j.1440-1746.2012.07227.x

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…ursodeoxycholic) acids, and thus, the final hydrophobicity of the bile salts depends on the relative contents of these components [55][56][57]. Therefore, the biliary bile salt composition affects human gallstone formation, which opens several therapeutic possibilities [58][59][60][61]. Our results showed that there were no significant differences between the two groups of patients in the mean concentrations of total bile acids, phospholipids, or cholesterol in vesicular bile, except for the lower mean concentrations of glycocholic and taurocholic acid in the patient group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telocytes: new insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone disease

Matyja

Gil

Pasternak

et al. 2013

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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The major mechanisms of gallstone formation include biliary cholesterol hypersecretion, supersaturation and crystallization, mucus hypersecretion, gel formation and bile stasis. Gallbladder hypomotility seems to be a key event that triggers the precipitation of cholesterol microcrystals from supersaturated lithogenic bile. Telocytes, a new type of interstitial cells, have been recently identified in many organs, including gallbladder. Considering telocyte functions, it is presumed that these cells might be involved in the signalling processes. The purpose of this study was to correlate the quantity of telocytes in the gallbladder with the lithogenicity of bile. Gallbladder specimens were collected from 24 patients who underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for symptomatic gallstone disease. The control group consisted of 25 consecutive patients who received elective treatment for pancreatic head tumours. Telocytes were visualized in paraffin sections of gallbladders with double immunofluorescence using primary antibodies against c-Kit (anti-CD117) and anti-mast cell tryptase. Cholesterol, phospholipid and bile acid levels were measured in gallbladder bile. The number of telocytes in the gallbladder wall was significantly lower in the study group than that in the control group (3.03 ± 1.43 versus 6.34 ± 1.66 cell/field of view in the muscularis propria, P < 0.001) and correlated with a significant increase in the cholesterol saturation index. The glycocholic and taurocholic acid levels were significantly elevated in the control subjects compared with the study group. The results suggest that bile composition may play an important role in the reduction in telocytes density in the gallbladder.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telocytes: new insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone disease

Matyja

Gil

Pasternak

et al. 2013

J Cellular Molecular Medi

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“…Similarly, animals eating a diet that contains polyunsaturated fat, such as fish oil, have a lower incidence of CGS than those eating a diet that contains saturated fat (Kim et al 2012). It is known that fiber-rich diets are beneficial in preventing the formation of CGS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Anti-cholelithogenic effect of dietary tender cluster beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on the formation of cholesterol gallstones in mice

Raghavendra

Srinivasan

2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Providing a lithogenic diet that contains 0.5% cholesterol to experimental mice for 10 weeks resulted in cholesterol supersaturation in gallbladder bile, which induced the formation of cholesterol gallstones. In this study, to evaluate the anti-cholelithogenic potential of dietary tender cluster bean, a freeze-dried powder of the test legume was included in the lithogenic diet at 5%, 10%, and 15%. Dietary cluster beans reduced the cholesterol gallstone incidence by 43%, 46%, and 58% at the respective doses. Dietary cluster beans markedly reduced biliary cholesterol and, hence, the cholesterol saturation index. This was corroborated by the beneficial modification of the cholesterol/phospholipid ratio and the cholesterol/bile acid ratio in the bile. Dietary cluster beans countered the alterations in serum and liver cholesterol and lipid profiles caused by the lithogenic diet. Thus, dietary tender cluster beans exerted an anti-cholelithogenic influence by decreasing cholesterol hypersecretion into bile and, hence, the cholesterol saturation index, decreasing the formation of lithogenic bile in experimental mice.

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“…In fact, in an experimental model with mice, N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid reduces cholesterol gallstones formation by suppressing the mucin production and the MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B and MUC 6 mRNA expression levels. 4 The protective efficacy of omega-3 fatty acid on cholesterol gallstones formation in human could be proven by the lower incidence of gallstones formation in the Canadian Eskimo (that have a genetic predisposition to the metabolic epidemic syndrome and to form cholesterol gallstones, because of they are direct relate to Native Americans or Paleo-Indians 5 ) when they follow a fish-rich diet; on the contrary, cholesterol gallstones incidence among these tribes rapidly groove when they follow a westernized-type diet (cholesterol and omega-6 rich/omega-3 poor). 4 This effect could be tested in adult patients with metabolic epidemic syndrome (that usually are also affected by cardiovascular diseases and hypertension) adding oral omega-3 fatty acid to Statins or Ezetimibe plus Aspirin 3 ; the final result could be a reduction in the incidence of symptomatic cholesterol gallstones disease that require hospitalization and, sometimes, a surgical treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Could omega-3 fatty acid prolonged intake reduce the incidence of symptomatic cholesterol gallstones disease?

Cariati¹,

Piromalli²

2013

Clinical Nutrition

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N‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid attenuates cholesterol gallstones by suppressing mucin production with a high cholesterol diet in mice

Abstract: N-3PUFA attenuated gallstone formation in mouse, through increasing the levels of bile phospholipids and suppressing bile mucin formation.

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Telocytes: new insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone disease

Telocytes: new insight into the pathogenesis of gallstone disease

Anti-cholelithogenic effect of dietary tender cluster beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) on the formation of cholesterol gallstones in mice

Could omega-3 fatty acid prolonged intake reduce the incidence of symptomatic cholesterol gallstones disease?

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