n−3 Fatty acids consumed from fish and risk of atrial fibrillation or flutter: the Danish Diet, Cancer, and Health Study1–3

Frost, Lars; Vestergaard, Peter

doi:10.1093/ajcn/81.1.50

Cited by 155 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…On the other hand, studies found no associations between distinct ranges of portions/ frequency of fish consumption and any reduction in the risks of atrial fibrillation or arrhythmia (<2 times/week against 2 times/week) 28 , incidence of atrial fibrillation (~15g/day30 and 37 ~18g/day), of stroke (<1, 1-2 and >2 portions/week) 33 or of death by heart diseases (<0,5 to 2, 5 portions/ week) 26 . It must be highlighted that two 28,37 of these are among the five studies 7,28,35-37 on cardiovascular benefits with the largest samples investigated.…”

Section: Fish Consumption and Heart Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Of the pathologies investigated, 13 studies assessed the association between fish consumption and cardiovascular diseases (ischemic heart disease, unspecified cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis progression, atrial fibrillation, arrhythmia, stroke, heart attack and venous thromboembolism) 6,7,9,10,13, 26,28,30,33,[35][36][37]39 ; 6 had analyzes on distinct types of cancer (not specified, prostate, breast, colon and renal cell) 15 , the linear trend 11 and the Person-time 16 were applied in a study each (Attached).…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the analysis of dietary methods, it was observed that 21 studies used semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaires [6][7][8][9][10][11]13,15,16,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]36,37,40 .…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, 11 studies (44%) could not find any associations with cancer in general (not specified) 26 , colon 34 , prostate 32 and breast 31 cancer; with stroke 26,33 ; with atrial fibrillation 26,28,30,37 ; with arrhythmia 26,28 ; with depression 27 ; with risk of suicide 40 and with mental disorders in general 11 (Attached).…”

Section: General Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It must be highlighted that two 28,37 of these are among the five studies 7,28,35-37 on cardiovascular benefits with the largest samples investigated. And concerning the other three, two revealed beneficial only for men 36 or only for women 35 .…”

Section: Fish Consumption and Heart Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benefits and risks of fish consumption for the human health

et al. 2012

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A B S T R A C TThe article aimed at identifying and discussing scientific evidences on the benefits and risks of fish consumption the human health. There was a systematic survey for articles published from 2003 and May 2011, at the MedLine, Scopus, SciELO, Lilacs and Google Scholar databases. The key words used were: fish, food intake, omega-3 fatty acids, fatty fish, benefits, risk, and consumption. The search produced 12,632 articles, 25 eligible cohort studies on possible benefits, 61 on risks and 10 studies that assessed the "risk/benefit" relation. Of the 25 works, 14 suggested a preventive effect of fish consumption related to cardiovascular diseases, depression, cataract and some types of cancer. Evidences of a relation between exposure to mercury and an increase in the risk of neurological disorders, but not of cardiovascular diseases, were also found. Given the importance of fish consumption, its possible risks and the lack of Brazilian studies on the topic, it is important to conduct more longitudinal studies that assess both the benefits and risks of fish consumption for the human health. We also emphasize the need for policies to reduce exposure of fish and seafood to mercury and other contaminants.Indexing terms: Fishs. Food consumption. Health. Risk. R E S U M O I N T R O D U C T I O NFishes are rich in essential fatty acids, as well as in iron, vitamin B 12 and calcium. Fish consumption is recommended by The American Cancer Society and the American Heart Association (AHA) at least two times a week 1,2 .Brazil has great potential for fish farming due to its extensive maritime coast and continental waters, together with the possibility of consumption of great variety of species 2 . Not with standing that, fish consumption in Brazil dropped considerably in recent years 3,4 .Some studies have demonstrated the health benefits of fish consumption thanks to the correlation between omega-3 fatty acids and a decrease in the incidence of coronary heart diseases 5-10 , depression 11,12 , stroke 13 , blood pressure 5,14 , glycemic index 14 , triglycerides 5 , cancer 15,16 and others. On the other hand, researches could also quantify levels of fish contamination in 17 fish and check possible risks linked to its consumption, such as contamination by heavy metals, organochlorine pollutants and dioxins [17][18][19][20] .With the incentive to fish consumption and a current discussion on its benefits and risks 21,22 , seconded by a lack of scientific studies with clear conclusions about contamination, it is imperative that literature about risks and benefits of fish consumption is reviewed, especially in Brazil. Moreover, in the searches performed, no critical reviews on the subject were found. Therefore, this article aimed at identifying and discussing scientific evidences on the benefits and risks of fish consumption for the human health. M E T H O D SThe study was designed to answer a guiding question: what are the scientific evidences on benefits and risks of fish consumption for the human health? The methodo...

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Section: Fish Consumption and Heart Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: General Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Characteristics Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fish Consumption and Heart Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Benefits and risks of fish consumption for the human health

et al. 2012

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Effect of Marine Omega-3 Fatty Acid and Vitamin D Supplementation on Incident Atrial Fibrillation

Albert

Cook

Pester

et al. 2021

JAMA

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IMPORTANCE Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common heart rhythm disturbance, continues to increase in incidence, and results in significant morbidity and mortality. The marine omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and vitamin D have been reported to have both benefits and risks with respect to incident AF, but large-scale, long-term randomized trial data are lacking.OBJECTIVE To test the effects of long-term administration of marine omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D on incident AF. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS An ancillary study of a 2 × 2 factorial randomized clinical trial involving 25 119 women and men aged 50 years or older without prior cardiovascular disease, cancer, or AF. Participants were recruited directly by mail between November 2011 and March 2014 from all 50 US states and were followed up until December 31, 2017. INTERVENTIONS Participants were randomized to receive EPA-DHA (460 mg/d of EPA and 380 mg/d of DHA) and vitamin D 3 (2000 IU/d) (n = 6272 analyzed); EPA-DHA and placebo (n = 6270 analyzed); vitamin D 3 and placebo (n = 6281 analyzed); or 2 placebos (n = 6296 analyzed). MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESThe primary outcome was incident AF confirmed by medical record review. RESULTS Among the 25 119 participants who were randomized and included in the analysis (mean age, 66.7 years; 50.8% women), 24 127 (96.1%) completed the trial. Over a median 5.3 years of treatment and follow-up, the primary end point of incident AF occurred in 900 participants (3.6% of study population). For the EPA-DHA vs placebo comparison, incident AF events occurred in 469 (3.7%) vs 431 (3.4%) participants, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.96-1.24; P = .19). For the vitamin D 3 vs placebo comparison, incident AF events occurred in 469 (3.7%) vs 431 (3.4%) participants, respectively (hazard ratio, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.96-1.25; P = .19). There was no evidence for interaction between the 2 study agents (P = .39).CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Among adults aged 50 years or older, treatment with EPA-DHA or vitamin D 3 , compared with placebo, resulted in no significant difference in the risk of incident AF over a median follow-up of more than 5 years. The findings do not support the use of either agent for the primary prevention of incident AF.

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