Myths of surgery and ‘The Pandemic’: A Surgeons Dilemma

Linking the trust of industrial entrepreneurs on elements of ecosystem with entrepreneurial success: Determining startup behavior as mediator and entrepreneurial strategy as moderator

“…Besides these studies on trust, the construct "trust on elements of ecosystem" is still required to be studied under entrepreneurship. Trust needs more understanding of three elements of ecosystem i.e., trust on experts/enterprises, media, and government (Ploywarin et al, 2018;Rehman et al, 2020). Hence, we hypothesize a relationship between trust, behavior, and success under the entrepreneurship discipline: H1(a): Entrepreneurs' trust on experts and enterprises has a positive impact on entrepreneurs startup behaviors.…”

“…To overcome these issues, Pakistan is importing foreign industrialists and offering them protected and potential profitable investment schemes for manufacturing energy products, mobiles, cars, IT products, and military products in Pakistan (Ploywarin et al, 2018;Rehman et al, 2020). This imported entrepreneurship may be helpful for Pakistan for short-term gains such as reduction in the demand for foreign currency reserves, decrease in the prices of products in Pakistan, rise in exports, increase in the products with "made-in-Pakistan, " and so on (Shad et al, 2021).…”

“…However, while searching the past literature, the authors found deficient with research on estimating entrepreneurial success under the influence of trust on different elements of ecosystem (Mujahid et al, 2019). Such studies analyzed the link between trust and elements of ecosystem through trust on media, trust on food chain, and trust on customers purchase intentions (Lobb et al, 2007): experts trust, government trust, media trust, and enterprises trust with public risk perception and national level perceived socioeconomic success (Ploywarin et al, 2018;Rehman et al, 2020). Hence, based on the missing link, this research attempted to create a direct link of trust on experts & enterprises, media, and government with startup behavior and entrepreneurial success.…”

“…China has committed to develop 11 types of infrastructures in Pakistan for motorways/highways, energy, rail, seaports, airports, communication, social & cultural, educational, health, and defense (Ramay, 2016). After the development of these infrastructures, China is also committed to transfer technology to Pakistan through five different initiatives like shifting its technological-oriented organizations (manufacturing concerns) in the newly established SEZ in Pakistan, and to provide technical/ skilled labor to Pakistani firms, train Pakistani labor, and expand Pakistani manufacturing sector through cost-effective products (Farooq and Khawaja, 2020;Rehman et al, 2020). In addition to Pakistan's commitments with China, the former is also working on multifocused industrialization (Qurat-ul-Ann et al, 2015), promoting its brand image "Made-in-Pakistan, " increasing its exports of manufacturing products.…”

“…For instance, globally leading SAMSUNG started its mobile manufacturing in Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia is investing 20 billion US$ for oil-refineries and other industrial initiatives. Pakistan has established "Special Technological Zone Authority" (STZA) to create industrial clusters, promote innovation; offered rebates to foreign entrepreneurs; established new industrial cities like Ravi Urban City to promote industrial activities and attract foreign investments besides special tax rebates for exportsoriented manufacturing concerns including but not limited to textile, sports, medicines, leather, sugar, and so on (Farooq and Khawaja, 2020;Rehman et al, 2020;Siraj and Javaid, 2021;Sultan and Saleem, 2021). All these industrial initiatives encouraged the authors to target manufacturing concern for this study.…”