Myrrh induces the apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells through down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Sun, Manyi; Hua, Jie; Liu, Gaoshuang; Huang, Pei-Yun; Liu, Ningsheng; He, Xiaopu

doi:10.1042/bsr20192372

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Peng Ren reported that frankincense could suppress tumor progress via regulating the AMPK/mTOR pathway [13]. Mengxue Sun also found that myrrh inhibits the proliferation and migration of cancer cells through the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression [14]. Moreover, the Xihuang pill, mainly composed of frankincense and myrrh, has been applied for cancer therapy for more than 300 years [15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water extract of Frankincense and Myrrh inhibits liver cancer progression and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Mao

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background The Wnt/β-catenin signaling is closely related to epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT), which plays an important role in HCC invasion and metastasis. Frankincense and myrrh (FM) are anti-tumor agents commonly used in clinic. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of the water extract of FM on the progression of liver cancer cells. Methods Different concentrations of FM were applied to study cell proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The ability of cell migration and invasion were detected by wound healing test and Transwell assay. Western blot was used to study the related protein levels of EMT and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. The nuclear translocation of β-catenin was detected by the immunofluorescence assay. Results FM at a non-toxic dose significantly inhibited the invasion and metastasis of liver cancer cells. Furthermore, FM promotes EMT marker E-cadherin, while decreasing the expression of Vimentin and N-cadherin. Finally, the protein and the nuclear staining level of DVL2 and β-catenin were both suppressed by water extract of FM. Conclusion The water extract of FM inhibited the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells, and blocked the occurrence of EMT via suppressing the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water extract of Frankincense and Myrrh inhibits liver cancer progression and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Mao

Wang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…Unfortunately, myrrh oil was not extensively included in formulations intended for cancer therapy. Shi et al, 2012, reported the formulation and characterization of solid lipid nanoparticles loaded with frankincense and myrrh oil, which showed anti-tumor efficacy in H22-bearing Kunming mice [18,[26][27][28][29]. Basically, myrrh consists of several constituents, including water-soluble gum, alcohol-soluble resins, and volatile oil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paclitaxel and Myrrh oil Combination Therapy for Enhancement of Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer; QbD Approach

Shehata

Elsewedy

2022

Processes

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Paclitaxel (PX), plant alkaloid, is a chemotherapeutic agent intended for treating a wide variety of cancers. The objective of the present study was to formulate and evaluate the anticancer activity of PX loaded into a nanocarrier, mainly PEGylated nanoemulsion (NE) fabricated with myrrh essential oil. Myrrh essential oil has been estimated previously to show respectable anticancer activity. Surface modification of the formulation with PEG-DSPE would help in avoiding phagocytosis and prolong the residence time in blood circulation. Various NE formulations were developed after operating (22) factorial design, characterized for their particle size, in vitro release, and hemolytic activity. The optimized formula was selected and compared to its naked counterpart in respect to several characterizations. Quantitative amount of protein absorbed on the formulation surfaces and in vitro release with and without serum incubation were evaluated. Ultimately, MTT assay was conducted to distinguish the anti-proliferative activity. PEGylated PX-NE showed particle size 170 nm, viscosity 2.91 cP, in vitro release 57.5%, and hemolysis 3.44%, which were suitable for intravenous administration. A lower amount of serum protein adsorbed on PEGylated PX-NE surface (16.57 µg/µmol) compared to naked counterpart (45.73 µg/µmol). In vitro release from PEGylated NE following serum incubation was not greatly affected (63.3%), in contrast to the naked counterpart (78.8%). Eventually, anti-proliferative effect was obtained for PEGylated PX-NE achieving IC50 38.66 µg/mL. The results obtained recommend PEGylated NE of myrrh essential oil as a candidate nanocarrier for passive targeting of PX.

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“…For instance, mastic acid, the active component of frankincense, inhibits the growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer by downregulating the expression of biomarkers of inflammation, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis. Myrrh induces apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells by downregulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression[ 18 , 19 ]. Frankincense and myrrh are always simultaneously used in TCM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frankincense myrrh attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor blood vessel development through multiple epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways

Zheng¹,

Huang²,

Tong³

et al. 2022

WJGO

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BACKGROUND In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), frankincense and myrrh are the main components of the antitumor drug Xihuang Pill. These compounds show anticancer activity in other biological systems. However, whether frankincense and/or myrrh can inhibit the occurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unknown, and the potential molecular mechanism(s) has not yet been determined. AIM To predict and determine latent anti-HCC therapeutic targets and molecular mechanisms of frankincense and myrrh in vivo . METHODS In the present study, which was based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform ( ), Universal Protein database ( ), GeneCards: The Human Gene Database ( ) and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database ( ), the efficacy of and mechanism by which frankincense and myrrh act as anti-HCC compounds were predicted. The core prediction targets were screened by molecular docking. In vivo , SMMC-7721 human liver cancer cells were transplanted as xenografts into nude mice to establish a subcutaneous tumor model, and two doses of frankincense plus myrrh or one dose of an EGFR inhibitor was administered to these mice continuously for 14 d. The tumors were collected and evaluated: the tumor volume and growth rate were gauged to evaluate tumor growth; hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to estimate histopathological changes; immunofluorescence (IF) was performed to detect the expression of CD31, α-SMA and collagen IV; transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was conducted to observe the morphological structure of vascular cells; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to measure the levels of secreted HIF-1α and TNF-α; reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to measure the mRNA expression of HIF-1α, TNF-α, VEGF and MMP-9; and Western blot (WB) was performed to determine the levels of proteins expressed in the EGFR-mediated PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. RESULTS The results of the network pharmacology analysis showed that there were 35 active components in the frankincense and myrrh extracts targeting 151 key targets. The molecular docking analysis showed that both boswellic acid and stigmasterol showed strong affinity for the targets, with the greatest affinity for EGFR. Frankincense and myrrh treatment may play a role in the treatment of HCC by regulating hypoxia responses and vascular system-related pathological processes, such as cytokine-receptor binding, and pathways, such as those involving serine/threonine protein kinase complexes and MAPK, HIF-1 and ErbB signaling cascades. The animal experiment results were verified. First, we found that, through frankincense and/or myrrh treatment, the volume of subcutaneously transplanted HCC tumors was significantly reduced, and the pathological morp...

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Myrrh induces the apoptosis and inhibits the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells through down-regulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Cited by 11 publications

References 39 publications

Water extract of Frankincense and Myrrh inhibits liver cancer progression and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Water extract of Frankincense and Myrrh inhibits liver cancer progression and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) through Wnt/β-catenin signaling

Paclitaxel and Myrrh oil Combination Therapy for Enhancement of Cytotoxicity against Breast Cancer; QbD Approach

Frankincense myrrh attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor blood vessel development through multiple epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways

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