“…Many studies have demonstrated that high dose of D‐galactose can result in the accumulation of galactitol, leading to osmotic stress, generation of ROS (Hsieh, Wu, & Hu, ; Li et al., ; Yi, Fu, Li, Gao, & Zhang, ), and formation of advanced glycation end products within cells, which in turn result in oxidative stress and cellular damage in the tissues of living organisms (Hamada, Fujii, & Fukagawa, ; Hsieh et al., ; Wu et al., ; Yi et al., ). Under normal conditions, nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a transcription factor that binds to antioxidant response elements in the promoter regions of many antioxidative enzymes and phase II detoxifying enzymes (Arlt et al., ; Jones et al., ; Li et al., , ; Qu et al., ; Ren et al., ; Sun, Zhang, Chan, & Zhang, ; Wagner et al., ; Zhang, An et al., ).…”