“…Axonal ensheathment by Schwann cells in the PNS and oligodendrocytes in the CNS is crucial for rapid action potential conduction. Numerous molecules and growth factors have been described that influence myelination and remyelination positively or negatively (Emery, 2010;Nave, 2010;Franklin et al, 2012;Zuchero and Barres, 2013;McKenzie et al, 2014;Fields, 2015;Tsai et al, 2016) and act through a number of known transcription factors (Emery et al, 2009;Zhu et al, 2012;Bujalka et al, 2013;Hornig et al, 2013;Yu et al, 2013;Silbereis et al, 2014). The pathways connecting these extracellular signals with the transcriptional changes in oligodendrocytes are still being investigated (Colognato and Tzvetanova, 2011;Ahrendsen and Macklin, 2013;Wood et al, 2013;Bercury and Macklin, 2015;Gaesser and Fyffe-Maricich, 2016).…”