Myosteatosis: Diagnosis, pathophysiology and consequences in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Henin, Guillaume; Loumaye, Audrey; Leclercq, Isabelle A.; Lanthier, Nicolas

doi:10.1016/j.jhepr.2023.100963

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 160 publications

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“…In addition, some specialized studies can quantitate intermuscular adipose tissue, an indicator of myosteatosis. 61 MRI has been equally applied for muscle mass quantification and determination of muscle fat infiltration. Identically, MRI distinguishes between subcutaneous and visceral fat.…”

Section: Practicalities and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm in excess weight diagnosis and management: A call to action

Aguas‐Ayesa,

Yárnoz‐Esquiroz,

Perdomo

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Adolphe Quételet, a 19th‐century Belgian sociologist and statistician, pioneered the incorporation of statistics into social sciences. He initiated the development of anthropometry since he was interested in identifying the proportions of the ‘ideal man’. He devised a ratio between weight and height, originally termed the Quételet Index, and today widely known and used as the body mass index or BMI. In 1835, he demonstrated that a normal curve accommodates the distribution of human traits articulating his reasoning on human variance around the average. Quételet's long‐lasting legacy of the establishment of a simple measure to classify people's weight relative to an ideal for their height endures today with minor variations having dramatically influenced public health agendas. While being very useful, the limitations of the BMI are well known. Thus, revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm is a necessity in the era of precision medicine with morphofunctional assessment representing the way forward via incorporation of body composition and functionality appraisal. While healthcare systems were originally designed to address acute illnesses, today's demands require a radical rethinking together with an original reappraisal of our diagnosis and treatment approaches from a multidimensional perspective. Embracing new methodologies is the way forward to advance the field, gain a closer look at the underlying pathophysiology of excess weight, keep the spotlight on improving diagnostic performance and demonstrate its clinical validity. In order to provide every patient with the most accurate diagnosis together with the most appropriate management, a high degree of standardization and personalization is needed.

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Section: Practicalities and Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm in excess weight diagnosis and management: A call to action

Aguas‐Ayesa,

Yárnoz‐Esquiroz,

Perdomo

et al. 2024

Eur J Clin Investigation

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show abstract

“…15 Ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are imaging techniques allowing non-invasive and quantitative assessment of muscle fat content. 16 However, only proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( 1 H-MRS) can determine the location of lipids in skeletal muscles non-invasively. Indeed, the resonance frequency of IMLC and EMLC slightly differs due to differences in micro-environmental interactions and variations in methylene group content.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pathophysiology of myosteatosis in MASLD as well as its related metabolic consequences have been previously reviewed. 16 Among those pathophysiological mechanisms, liver disease activity and systemic inflammation play a key role in the onset of myosteatosis. Indeed, muscle lipid content assessed by CT in morbidly obese subjects is correlated to histological features of MASH and serum levels of inflammation biomarkers.…”

Section: Backg Rou N Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several circulating inflammatory mediators are involved in its pathogenesis including TNFα, IL6, IL15, INFα2. 16 The anti-inflammatory properties of physical exercise have been demonstrated in pre-clinical and clinical MASLD studies. In MASLD mouse models, exercise decreases muscle expression of TNFα and IL-6 by downregulating the NF-κB signalling pathway, 54 though to a lower extent compared to the effect of low-fat diet.…”

Section: Exercise Promotes Masld Remission By Decreasing Local and Sy...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…31 However, circulating mediators linking this inter-organ crosstalk are poorly known. 16 Among those mediators, physical activity particularly impacts adipokine serum levels in pre-clinical and clinical models. 31,[56][57][58] Indeed, aerobic exercise increases adiponectin 57,58 while aerobic and resistance exercises decrease leptin serum levels.…”

Section: Exercise Modulates the Expression Of Tissue-specific Mediato...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unlocking liver health: Can tackling myosteatosis spark remission in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease?

Henin,

Loumaye,

Deldicque

et al. 2024

Liver International

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Myosteatosis is highly prevalent in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and could reciprocally impact liver function. Decreasing muscle fat could be indirectly hepatoprotective in MASLD. We conducted a review to identify interventions reducing myosteatosis and their impact on liver function. Non‐pharmacological interventions included diet (caloric restriction or lipid enrichment), bariatric surgery and physical activity. Caloric restriction in humans achieving a mean weight loss of 3% only reduces muscle fat. Lipid‐enriched diet increases liver fat in human with no impact on muscle fat, except sphingomyelin‐enriched diet which reduces both lipid contents exclusively in pre‐clinical studies. Bariatric surgery, hybrid training (resistance exercise and electric stimulation) or whole‐body vibration in human decrease both liver and muscle fat. Physical activity impacts both phenotypes by reducing local and systemic inflammation, enhancing insulin sensitivity and modulating the expression of key mediators of the muscle‐liver‐adipose tissue axis. The combination of diet and physical activity acts synergistically in liver, muscle and white adipose tissue, and further decrease muscle and liver fat. Several pharmacological interventions (patchouli alcohol, KBP‐089, 2,4‐dinitrophenol methyl ether, adipoRon and atglistatin) and food supplementation (vitamin D or resveratrol) improve liver and muscle phenotypes in pre‐clinical studies by increasing fatty acid oxidation and anti‐inflammatory properties. These interventions are effective in reducing myosteatosis in MASLD while addressing the liver disease itself. This review supports that disturbances in inter‐organ crosstalk are key pathophysiological mechanisms involved in MASLD and myosteatosis pathogenesis. Focusing on the skeletal muscle might offer new therapeutic strategies to treat MASLD by modulating the interactions between liver and muscles.

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Patients with chronic liver diseases are at risk for diabetes even before development of cirrhosis

Bale,

Clarembeau,

Stärkel

et al. 2024

Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology

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Myosteatosis: Diagnosis, pathophysiology and consequences in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease

Cited by 8 publications

References 160 publications

Revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm in excess weight diagnosis and management: A call to action

Revisiting the beyond BMI paradigm in excess weight diagnosis and management: A call to action

Unlocking liver health: Can tackling myosteatosis spark remission in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease?

Patients with chronic liver diseases are at risk for diabetes even before development of cirrhosis

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