Myosteatosis: a relevant, yet poorly explored element of sarcopenia

Zamboni, Mauro; Gattazzo, Stefano; Rossi, Andrea P.

doi:10.1007/s41999-018-0134-3

Cited by 64 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…A yet poorly explored element of sarcopenia has been quantification of fatty infiltration of muscle. However, evaluation of fat deposition in muscles is complex, far from clinical practice, especially in children and adolescents, and may be obtained only using imaging techniques or more invasive methods like muscle biopsy (45). CT and MRI are considered the gold standard for intramuscular and intermuscular fat evaluation, respectively, while other body composition methods including DEXA do not allow to evaluate muscle quality parameters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated With Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Overweight/Obese Youths

et al. 2020

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Background: Recent studies in adult non-elderly and elderly individuals have reported a link between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and sarcopenia. Nonetheless, whether this relationship would be found outside these populations it is still unknown. Hence, we evaluated the relationship between NAFLD and skeletal muscle mass in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity. Methods: Two-hundred and thirty-four overweight/obese youths were enrolled. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasononography, after exclusion of infectious and metabolic disorders. Forty of the patients with NAFLD had also liver biopsy. Total and regional lean body mass and total fat mass measurements were obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The relative muscle mass (RMM) was defined as the percent of muscle mass (kg) relative to the sum of muscle and fat (kg) mass. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) was calculated by the sum of muscle masses of the four limbs (kg), and expressed as percent of body weight. Results: Subjects were stratified according to tertiles of RMM. The prevalence of abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, NAFLD as well as biopsy-proven nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) was significantly increased in the lowest tertile of RMM. After controlling for age, sex and Tanner stage, children in the lowest tertile of RMM had an increased risk for NAFLD (OR= 2.80, 95% CI=1.57-5.02) compared to those in the other two tertiles. This association persisted after additional adjustments for clinical and metabolic variables. Similarly, the risk of NAFLD in the lowest tertile of ASM/weight index was significantly higher compared to those in the other two tertiles after adjustment for the above confounders. Conclusions: This is the first study to establish an independent association between low muscle mass and NAFLD/NASH in overweight/obese youths. Considering the worldwide increase of pediatric obesity, measurements of muscle mass may serve as useful method of identifying among obese children those at high metabolic risk who may need intensive lifestyle interventions to prevent NAFLD and its progression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated With Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Overweight/Obese Youths

et al. 2020

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“…Most notably, it has also been reported to predict survival in patients with colorectal liver metastases undergoing radioembolization [13]. Besides general loss of muscle mass, the loss of muscle function is often associated with increased proportions of inter-and intramuscular fat, which is called myosteatosis and represents a subelement of sarcopenia [14]. Myosteatosis has been identified as another important parameter and has also been linked to adverse outcomes in a variety of different diseases such as, e.g., liver cirrhosis and patients undergoing liver surgery [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation Between Sarcopenia and Growth Rate of the Future Liver Remnant After Portal Vein Embolization in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases

Schulze-Hagen

Truhn

Duong

et al. 2020

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol

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Purpose To investigate whether sarcopenia and myosteatosis correlate with the degree of hypertrophy (DH) and kinetic growth rate (KiGR) of the future liver remnant (FLR) in patients with colorectal liver metastases undergoing portal vein embolization (PVE) in preparation for right hepatectomy. Materials and Methods Forty-two patients were included. Total liver volume and FLR volume were measured before and 2-4 weeks after PVE. KiGR of the FLR was calculated. Sarcopenia was assessed using the total psoas muscle volume (PMV), the psoas muscle cross-sectional area (PMCS) and the total skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) at the level of 3rd lumbar vertebra. Degree of myosteatosis was assessed by mean muscle attenuation at L3 (L3MA). Correlations between muscle indices and DH and KiGR were assessed using simple linear regression analyses. Results Mean DH was 8.9 ± 5.7%, and mean KiGR was 3.6 ± 2.3. Mean PMV was 55.56 ± 14.19 cm 3 /m 3 , mean PMCS was 8.76 ± 2.3 cm 2 /m 2 , mean L3SMI was 45.6 ± 9.89 cm 2 /m 2 , and mean L3MA was 27.9 ± 18.6 HU. There was a strong positive correlation between PMV and DH (R = 0.503, p = 0.001) and PMV and KiGR (R = 0.545, p \ 0.001). Furthermore, there was a moderate correlation between PMCS and KiGR (R = 0.389, p = 0.014). L3SMI and L3MA were neither associated with DH (p = 0.390 and p = 0.768, respectively) nor with KiGR (p = 0.188 and p = 0.929, respectively). Conclusion We identified a positive correlation between PMV and PMCS, as markers for sarcopenia, and the KiGR of the FLR after PVE. PMV and PMCS might therefore aid to identify patients who are poor candidates for FLR augmentation using PVE alone. KeywordsPortal vein embolization Á Sarcopenia Á Liver hypertrophy Á FLR Á PVE Abbreviations FLR Future liver remnant PVE Portal vein embolization TLV Total liver volume KiGR Kinetic growth rate DH Degree of hypertrophy PMV Psoas muscle volume PMCS Psoas muscle cross-sectional area at the largest diameter L3SMI Skeletal muscle index at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra L3MA Mean muscle attenuation at the level of the 3rd lumbar vertebra

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“…Fatty in ltration of the skeletal muscle is a metabolically active component of muscle and affects muscle strength and muscle quality [48]. It secretes in ammatory cytokines which negatively impact muscle cell proliferation and differentiation [48]. The ndings of the present study demonstrated a signi cant decline in mid-thigh subcutaneous fat area in immobile patients without changes in intermuscular fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…These signi cant changes in fat composition may have a negative impact on health outcome in old age. Fatty in ltration of the skeletal muscle is a metabolically active component of muscle and affects muscle strength and muscle quality [48]. It secretes in ammatory cytokines which negatively impact muscle cell proliferation and differentiation [48].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of disease-related immobilization on thigh muscle mass and strength in frail older hospitalized patients

Rommersbach

Wirth

Lueg

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: We assessed the quantitative changes in muscle mass and strength during two weeks of hospitalization in immobile and mobile acutely ill hospitalized older adults.Methods: 41 patients (82.4±6.6 years, 73.0% females) participated in this prospective longitudinal observational study. Mobility status was defined according to walking ability as described in the Barthel-Index. Functional status, including handgrip strength and isometric knee-extension strength, and mid-thigh magnetic resonance imaging measurements of cross-sectional area (CSA) were conducted on admission and at discharge. Results: Twenty-two participants (54%) were immobile and 19 (46%) mobile. In all, 54.0% and 12.0% were at risk of malnutrition and malnourished, respectively. The median time between baseline and follow-up for MRI scans were 13 days in mobile and immobile participants (P=0.072). Mid-thigh muscle and subcutaneous fat CSA significantly decreased by 3.9cm2 (5.0%, P=0.002) and 5.3cm2 (5.7%, P=0.036) during hospitalization whereas intermuscular fat remained unchanged in immobile subjects. No significant changes were observed in mobile patients. In a regression analysis, mobility was the major independent risk factor for changes in mid-thigh muscle CSA as a percentage of initial muscle area (P=0.022) whereas other variables such as age (P=0.584), BMI (P= 0.879), nutritional status (P=0.835) and inflammation (P=0.291) were not associated with muscle mass changes. There was a significant decrease in isometric knee extension strength (P=0.002) and no change in handgrip strength (P=0.167) in immobile patients whereas both parameters increased significantly over time in mobile patients (P=0.048 and P=0.012, respectively).Conclusions: Two weeks of disease-related immobilization result in a significant loss of thigh muscle mass and muscle strength in older patients with impaired mobility. Concomitantly, there was a significant reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue in immobile older hospitalized patients whereas no changes were observed in intermuscular fat among these patients. These data should highlight the importance of mobility support in maintaining muscle mass and function in older hospitalized patients.

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Myosteatosis: a relevant, yet poorly explored element of sarcopenia

Cited by 64 publications

References 8 publications

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated With Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Overweight/Obese Youths

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Associated With Low Skeletal Muscle Mass in Overweight/Obese Youths

Correlation Between Sarcopenia and Growth Rate of the Future Liver Remnant After Portal Vein Embolization in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases

The impact of disease-related immobilization on thigh muscle mass and strength in frail older hospitalized patients

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