Myopia Control Using Toric Orthokeratology (TO-SEE Study)

Chen, Connie; Cheung, Sin Wan; Cho, Pauline

doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12527

Cited by 201 publications

(221 citation statements)

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“…The cause of this apparent shortening of axial length remains unclear. No other studies have reported prolonged shortening of axial length over the course of treatment, although a shortening of axial length has commonly been observed at the initiation of ortho-k lens wear, attributed at least in part to central corneal thinning 9,11,12,17,18 and choroidal thickening. [31][32][33] Central corneal thinning reflects the redistribution of corneal tissue and this change usually stabilizes within a few weeks, once the optimal refractive correction has been achieved.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data from two studies, ROMIO 11 and TO-SEE, 17 were pooled for analysis. Both studies were approved by the Departmental Research Committee of the School of Optometry of The Hong Kong Polytechnic University and written consent was obtained from both subjects and their parents before study participation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…No significant adverse effect was reported in either study. 11,17 TREATMENT OF DATA We used commercial software (SPSS 23.0; IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) for statistical analysis. Parametric tests were used for the analysis of refractive sphere and axial length that followed Gaussian distributions, while nonparametric tests were used for the analysis of age and initial cylinder.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two main limitations of meta-analyses are the frequent unavailability of raw data and problems with different methodologies of the studies included in the analysis, which restrict the amount of further statistical analysis that can be performed with the combined data from the studies. However, two of the studies listed in the meta-analyses, retardation of myopia in orthokeratology (ROMIO) 11 and toric orthokeratology-slowing eye elongation (TO-SEE), 17 were prospective cohort studies conducted around the same period of time by the same research team in Hong Kong using the same methodology, with the exception that the former was a randomized study on children with low myopia and low astigmatism, whereas the latter was a nonrandomized study on children with low myopia but moderate to high astigmatism. Raw data from both were available for combined analyses (Table 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Protective Role of Orthokeratology in Reducing Risk of Rapid Axial Elongation: A Reanalysis of Data From the ROMIO and TO-SEE Studies

Cho

Cheung

2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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Citation: Cho P, Cheung S-W. Protective role of orthokeratology in reducing risk of rapid axial elongation: a reanalysis of data from the ROMIO and TO-SEE studies. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017;58:141158: -141658: . DOI: 10.1167 PURPOSE. To determine the relative risk of rapid progression and number needed to treat (NNT) in younger and older children using combined data from the retardation of myopia in orthokeratology (ROMIO) and toric orthokeratology-slowing eye elongation (TO-SEE) studies.METHODS. Data from 136 subjects of two studies, ROMIO and TO-SEE, were retrieved (72 orthokeratology [ortho-k]: 37 ROMIO, 35 TO-SEE; 64 control: 41 ROMIO, 23 TO-SEE) and the myopia control effect on younger (6-8 years) and older (9-12 years) subjects evaluated. The rate of axial elongation was classified as not rapid (axial elongation ¼ <0.36 mm/year) or rapid (axial elongation >0.36 mm/year). RESULTS.Cumulative frequency curves showed that the younger subjects in the control group had the greatest and most rapid axial elongation at the end of 24 months. In the younger subjects, ortho-k lens wear significantly reduced the risk of rapid progression by 88.8% (P ¼ 0.002). The 2-year NNT for the younger ortho-k subgroup was 1.8, suggesting that treating just two younger subjects with ortho-k would prevent one subject from experiencing rapid progression over a 2-year period of treatment. The 2-year NNT for the older ortho-k subgroup was 11.8, which was statistically insignificant (P ¼ 0.197).CONCLUSIONS. Orthokeratology significantly reduced risk of rapid progression in younger subjects. Treating just two 6-to 8-year-old subjects with ortho-k instead of single-vision spectacles could prevent one subject from developing rapidly progressing axial elongation during this critical 2-year period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protective Role of Orthokeratology in Reducing Risk of Rapid Axial Elongation: A Reanalysis of Data From the ROMIO and TO-SEE Studies

Cho

Cheung

2017

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…16e23 All of these studies utilized the conventional clinical study protocol of comparing 1 group of subjects wearing OK lenses with a separate matched control group of subjects wearing spectacles 16,18e23 or conventional soft contact lenses. 17 Only recently have the results from truly randomized clinical trials been reported 20,22,23 dmost early studies either used historical controls 16,17 or allowed subject self-selection into study or control groups. Typically, these previous studies have been conducted over a 2-year period of lens wear, although an article reporting 5 years of OK lens wear has been recently published.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%