Myopia: An Increasing Problem for Medical Students at the University of Gondar

Berhane, Michael Assefa; Demilew, Ketemaw Zewdu; Assem, Abel Sinshaw

doi:10.2147/opth.s365618

Cited by 6 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 47 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…An initial search produced retrieved 9617 articles (Figure 1). Removal of duplicates and application of selection criteria reduced the number of articles reporting myopia in near work to 78 studies [2,[13][14][15]19,[26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. All studies were written in English except one in French [85] and one in Italian [30].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies used autorefractometry for the diagnosis of myopia aiming to calculate the refractive error based on spherical equivalent (SE = sphere + cylinder/2). Most studies used cycloplegia, except 16 studies, mostly on adults [15,31,32,46,47,49,50,55,56,66,67,71,73,78,79,88]. Seventeen studies quantified axial length [15,38,39,44,59,60,64,79,83,84,87,90,[92][93][94], and two studies reported perceptions of visual fatigue [26,97].…”

Section: Methods To Measure Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seventeen studies quantified axial length [15,38,39,44,59,60,64,79,83,84,87,90,[92][93][94], and two studies reported perceptions of visual fatigue [26,97]. Studies evaluating myopia progression considered a pathologic refractive error for a SE change of −0.50 D [8,9,11,13,19,20,29,31,35,36,40,42,44,45]. Eleven studies reported the prevalence of high myopia defined by at least −6 D [15,32,43,46,51,56,78,83,84,88,92].…”

Section: Methods To Measure Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twenty two studies reported the prevalence of myopia separately for each gender [2,13,14,32,34,35,43,55,56,59,65,67,68,71,76,77,81,84,[88][89][90]. The socio-professional category of adults was specified in all studies: administrative workers [30,85], military conscripts [32,57], university students [28,31,40,50,52,74,76,78,87,88,97], and even fishermen [2]. All the studies reported the education level except 29 studies [13,14,19,[35][36][37]41,43,44,47,50,54,…”

Section: Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main outcome was the prevalence of myopia in 61 studies with a cross-sectional design [ [13,34,36,37,45,51,52,54,59,72,74,76,80,90,93,95,97] and odds ratio for myopia in 22 studies [2,[30][31][32]34,38,[40][41][42]46,48,49,51,56,[60][61][62]64,65,[67][68][69][70][75][76][77]80,81,83,84,86,88,89,…”

Section: Study Designs and Outcomes Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dutheil

Oueslati

Delamarre

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: Myopia is a global public health problem affecting quality of life and work productivity. Data is scarce regarding the effects of near work on myopia. Providing a larger meta-analysis with life-long perspective, including adults and occupational exposure seemed needed. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and Science Direct for studies reporting myopia prevalence in near work. Myopia was defined as a mean spherical equivalent ≤ −0.50 diopter. We performed a meta-analysis using random-effects model on myopia prevalence, myopia progression per year, and odds ratio (OR) of myopia in near work, completed by subgroup analyses and meta-regressions on patients’ characteristics, type of work in adults, geographic zones, time and characteristics of near work. Results: We included 78 studies, representing a total of 254,037 participants, aged from 6 to 39 years. The global prevalence of myopia in near work was 35% (95% CI: 30 to 41%), with a prevalence of 31% (95% CI: 26 to 37%) in children and 46% (95% CI: 30 to 62%) in adults. Myopia progression was −0.39 diopters per year (−0.53 to −0.24 D/year), ranging from −0.44 (−0.57 to −0.31) in children to −0.25 D/year (−0.56 to 0.06) in adults. The odds of myopia in workers exposed vs. non-exposed to near work were increased by 26% (18 to 34%), by 31% (21 to 42%) in children and 21% (6 to 35%) in adults. Prevalence of myopia was higher in adults compared to children (Coefficient 0.15, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.27). Conclusions: Near work conditions, including occupational exposure in adults, could be associated with myopia. Targeted prevention should be implemented in the workplace.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods To Measure Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods To Measure Myopiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Designs and Outcomes Of Included Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Dutheil

Oueslati

Delamarre

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Prevalence of myopia in school-age children in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Lorato,

Yimer,

Kebede Bizueneh

2023

SAGE Open Medicine

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Objective: This study aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of myopia among school-age children in Ethiopia. Methods: Eligible articles were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases. In addition, Google Scholar and reference lists of the retrieved articles were searched from 30 July 2022 to 02 January 2023. The preferred reporting of items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis was used to report the search results. Microsoft Excel was used to keep the data. The qualities of eligible studies were checked using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist for prevalence studies. Analysis was held using STATA Version 11. The degree of heterogeneity was checked using I² statistics. The possible sources of heterogeneity were examined using meta-regression and subgroup analyses. The funnel plot and Egger’s test were used to assess the potential publication bias. A correction was made for publication bias using Duval and Twee Die’s trim-and-fill analysis. The systematic review registration number is PROSPERO (#CRD42022330541). Results: We identified 21 eligible articles including 20,757 subjects. Of those participants, 10,601 (51.1%) and 10,156 (48.9%) were males and females, respectively. A total of 15,152 (73%) participants were urban residents. The estimated prevalence of myopia among school-age children in Ethiopia was found to be 5.26% (95% confidence interval: 4.09–6.42). Conclusions: The prevalence of myopia among school-age children in Ethiopia is considerable, affecting one in 20 school-age children. Therefore, the authors recommend the stakeholders take extra steps to speed up the implementation of the school vision screening program and its integration plan into the existing school nutrition program.

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Prevalence and associated factors of refractive error among adults in South Ethiopia, a community-based cross-sectional study

Abebe,

Alemayehu,

Munaw

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Introduction The increasing prevalence of refractive error has become a serious health issue that needs serious attention. However, there are few studies regarding the prevalence and associated factors of refractive error at the community level in Ethiopia as well as in the study area. Therefore, providing updated data is crucial to reduce the burdens of refractive error in the community. Objective To assess the prevalence and associated factors of refractive error among adults in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia, 2023. Method A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 951 adults using a multistage sampling technique from May 8 to June 8, 2023, in Hawassa City, South Ethiopia. A pretested, structured questionnaire combined with an ocular examination and a refraction procedure was used to collect data. The collected data from the Kobo Toolbox was exported to a statistical package for social sciences for analysis. Binary and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed. A P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant in the multivariable analysis. Result A total of 894 study participants were involved in this study with a 94.1% response rate. The prevalence of refractive error was 12.3% (95% CI: 10.2, 14.5%). Regular use of electronic devices (adjusted odds ratio = 3.64, 95% CI: 2.25, 5.91), being diabetic (adjusted odds ratio = 4.02, 95% CI: 2.16, 7.48), positive family history of refractive error (adjusted odds ratio = 2.71, 95% CI 1.59, 4.61) and positive history of cataract surgery (adjusted odds ratio = 5.17, 95% CI 2.19, 12.4) were significantly associated with refractive error. Conclusion and recommendation The overall magnitude of refractive error in our study area was high. Regular use of electronic devices, being diabetic, positive family history of refractive error, and a positive history of cataract surgery were associated with refractive error.

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Myopia: An Increasing Problem for Medical Students at the University of Gondar

Cited by 6 publications

References 47 publications

Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Myopia and Near Work: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevalence of myopia in school-age children in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Prevalence and associated factors of refractive error among adults in South Ethiopia, a community-based cross-sectional study

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