Myofibroblastoma of the Breast: Diagnostic Challenges of a Rare Benign Tumor

Abstract

Breast myofibroblastomas (MFBs) are rare benign tumors that have recently been recognized as a distinct entity. They are more common in men and often coexist with gynecomastia. Fine needle aspiration cytology or core biopsy should always be performed for triple assessment; however, due to the multiple variants of the tumor, final diagnosis can be safely accomplished only postoperatively with the aid of immunohistochemistry. The main histological characteristic that differentiates MFBs from the majority of malignant mesenchymal breast lesions is the presence of spindle cells in a collagenous background. Low mitotic activity and vimentin and CD34 positivity have been reported as well. Surgical excision retains a pivotal diagnostic and curative role. Local resection is sufficient, but mastectomy can also be advocated either in cases of male patients with coexisting gynecomastia or in females with large tumors. Into this retrospective survey, three cases of breast MFB were consecutively enrolled. Two patients were postmenopausal females and one was male. Relevant literature is briefly reviewed. Clinical features, histogenesis, morphological, and immunochemical findings are discussed, while the role of the current diagnostic and therapeutic management of this uncommon neoplasm is emphasized.

A Case Report of Successful Treatment of Mammary Myofibromyoblastoma in a Male Patient

“…MFB is usually diagnosed by histopathology with immunohistochemical staining showing immunoreactivity to CD34, desmin, smooth muscle actin and vimentin. However, sometimes MFB diagnosis might be challenging as it could be mistaken for a diagnosis of cancer in rare cases due to the presence of spindle cells [9]. MFBs are usually treated by surgical excision and no recurrences have been reported so far.…”

An Immunohistochemical Anomaly: A Case Report and Systematic Review of Myofibroblastoma of the Breast

“…After meticulous histopathologic characterization of tissue biopsies from the tumor confirms the preliminary diagnosis of MFB, surgical management is typically initiated [ 1 , 6 ]. Total excision is curative and therefore the management of choice, and excision is planned based on the location of the lesion [ 3 , 5 , 8 ]. For extramammary lesions, care is taken to properly excise the tumor from the surrounding anatomy and does not vary significantly across genders; however, surgical management of breast pathology differs due to avoidance of disfiguring deformity of the female breast [ 1 ].…”

A systematic approach to the investigation and treatment of nocturia

“…Nocturia is defined by the International Continence Society (ICS) as the complaint that causes individuals to have to wake at night once or more in order to void. 1 It is considered to be the most bothersome of all lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), and can occur as an isolated symptom or alongside other storage and voiding LUTS. Nocturia is estimated to be equally prevalent in both men and women (11% versus 12%, respectively).…”