Myoepithelial Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder in a Pediatric Patient. A Case Report

Myoepithelial carcinoma of the bladder: Case report and review of the literature

“…Urological sites of origin are extremely rare, but MC has been reported in the scrotum and bladder. 1 , 2 , 3 In our case, MC was diagnosed by appropriate morphology in context of expression of epithelial, neural, and smooth muscle markers, consistent with established diagnostic criteria. In this context, focal necrosis, vascular invasion, and prominent nucleoli additionally indicated malignancy.…”

“…This patient was treated with neoadjuvant ifosfamide, cisplatin, and etoposide chemotherapy, surgical resection with partial cystectomy, and adjuvant radiation as suggested in the Tumori Rari in Etá Pediatrica (TREP) project aimed at developing management strategies for rare childhood solid malignancies. 2 , 5 Our approach to this tumor—partial cystectomy with nodal dissection—is analogous to treatments conducted in these reports and elsewhere in the body. Pediatric MC may be more aggressive than similar malignancies presenting in adulthood.…”

“…Neoplasms arise from transformation of these cells in organs where they normally reside; however, rare de novo tumors have been described arising in other organs. 1 , 2 , 3 Histopathologic features can be variable due to morphologic diversity, involving spindle, plasmacytoid, epithelioid, or clear cell types with one cell type usually predominating. To confirm these diverse lesions are true myoepithelial neoplasms, immunohistochemistry is performed to show expression of cytokeratins and one or more markers for S-100 protein, calponin, p63, GFAP, maspin, and actin.…”

Esophageal myoepithelial carcinoma: Four case reports

“…It is a rare malignant neoplasm that mainly occurs in the salivary gland[ 7 ]. Locations outside the salivary gland have rarely been reported, such as the bladder, skin, and gastrointestinal tract[ 5 , 6 , 8 ]. MC can be confused with many other tumors when arising outside the salivary glands because it presents with a broad spectrum of cytomorphological and immunohistochemical features[ 4 ].…”

“…Patients in this study all underwent surgical resection without chemotherapy or radiation. Although some studies have shown that conventional chemotherapy has some effects on MC[ 8 , 25 ], this still needs to be confirmed in a study with a large sample size. MC has a high recurrence and metastasis rate[ 24 , 26 ].…”