Myocarditis in the Setting of Recent COVID-19 Vaccination

Onderko, Laura; Starobin, Benjamin; Riviere, Amy E; Hohl, Patrick; Phillips, Colin T.; Morgan, Rόisίn B.; Welsh, Aimee; Francis, Sanjeev; Afari, Maxwell Eyram

doi:10.1155/2021/6806500

Cited by 11 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…We found around 25 studies that met our criteria. After excluding duplication, we finally included 14 published articles in our study, which consists of 40 case reports (Table 1) [1,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] of myocarditis after receiving the COVID-19 vaccine.…”

Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports

Chen¹,

Ikwuanusi²,

Bommu³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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After the surging rise in the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved emergency approval of vaccinations to prevent life-threatening complications of COVID-19 infection. These vaccines are BNT162b2, mRNA-1273. Later, the FDA also approved JNJ-78436735. COVID-19 vaccination does not have major side effects, but there are some concerning adverse events reported right after vaccination. Myocarditis is one of them. Based on our analysis of 40 case reports, we are presenting the epidemiology and clinical picture of myocarditis related to the COVID-19 vaccine.Based on our analysis, we found that the majority of cases were seen in males with 90% predominance, and these cases were seen in the age group of 29.13 years old (mean, SD of 14.39 years). In 65% of cases, patients took the BNT162b2 vaccine; 30% of cases were reported with the mRNA-1273 vaccine; and 5% of cases with JNJ-78436735. Of all the cases, 80% of them are reported after the second dose of the vaccine with either Moderna or Pfizer.The characteristics of COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis were analyzed in this study. We identified several findings, ranging from age, gender, type of vaccination, presentation of symptoms, and diagnosis modality. This depicts the picture of COVID-19 vaccine-related myocarditis and what physicians should expect when dealing with the disease. Our analysis showed that more cases were reported after receiving the BNT162b2 vaccine compared to mRNA-1273 and JNJ-78436735 vaccines. Further research needs to be conducted to analyze the underlying cause of this association.

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Section: Eligibility Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports

Chen¹,

Ikwuanusi²,

Bommu³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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“…Further review identified a total of 57 studies reporting cases, case series, and summated case series of COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated myocarditis. 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified 201 studies relevant to COVID‐19 vaccination and myocarditis. Further review identified a total of 57 studies reporting cases, case series, and summated case series of COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated myocarditis 8–65 . A total of 275 cases of COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated myocarditis were reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myocarditis after COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series

Park

Kaur

et al. 2022

Clinical Cardiology

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Background The coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID‐19) is a global pandemic with over 266 million cases and 5 million deaths worldwide. Anti‐COVID‐19 vaccinations have had exceptional success in subduing the incidence, prevalence, and disease severity of COVID‐19, but rare cases of myocarditis have been reported after COVID‐19 vaccinations. Hypothesis Myocarditis occurring after COVID‐19 mRNA vaccinations have distinguishable clinical characteristics. They usually have a favorable prognosis. Methods We performed a systematic literature search on PUBMED and MEDLINE database from inception to December 5, 2021. Studies were analyzed based on predetermined eligibility criteria. Results A total of 57 studies containing 275 cases of COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated myocarditis were catalogued. Mean age was 26.7 years and male to female ratio was 14:1. For 86.9% of patients, myocarditis occurred after the second dose. Average time to onset and length of hospitalization were 3.7 and 3.9 days, respectively. Prognosis was largely benign, but there was a 1.1% reported mortality. Chest pain (95.2%), elevation of troponin (100%), and ST elevation on electrocardiography (68.5%) were common. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (81.4%) were the most used medication, followed by colchicine (33.1%). Conclusions Patients with COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated myocarditis are usually younger males presenting with chest pain 3–4 days after receiving their second dose of COVID vaccine. Diagnosis is made by exclusion of all other etiologies. Given significant population benefit from COVID‐19 vaccination, physicians should continue to encourage vaccination while remaining vigilant of the very rare occurrence of myocarditis following COVID‐19 vaccination.

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“…The initial search yielded 268 potentially relevant articles from which 75 unique studies involving 188 patients met eligibility criteria [ 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 , 74 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Myocarditis following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Matar

Mansour

Nakanishi

et al. 2022

JCM

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COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations have recently been implicated in causing myocarditis. Therefore, the primary aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with myocarditis following mRNA vaccination. The secondary aims were to report common imaging and laboratory findings, as well as treatment regimes, in these patients. A literature search was performed from December 2019 to June 2022. Eligible studies reported patients older than 18 years vaccinated with mRNA, a diagnosis of myocarditis, and subsequent outcomes. Pooled mean or proportion were analyzed using a random-effects model. Seventy-five unique studies (patient n = 188, 89.4% male, mean age 18–67 years) were included. Eighty-six patients had Moderna vaccines while one hundred and two patients had Pfizer-BioNTech vaccines. The most common presenting symptoms were chest pain (34.5%), fever (17.1%), myalgia (12.4%), and chills (12.1%). The most common radiologic findings were ST-related changes on an electrocardiogram (58.7%) and hypokinesia on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging or echocardiography (50.7%). Laboratory findings included elevated Troponin I levels (81.7%) and elevated C-reactive protein (71.5%). Seven patients were admitted to the intensive care unit. The most common treatment modality was non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (36.6%) followed by colchicine (28.5%). This meta-analysis presents novel evidence to suggest possible myocarditis post mRNA vaccination in certain individuals, especially young male patients. Clinical practice must therefore take appropriate pre-cautionary measures when administrating COVID-19 mRNA vaccinations.

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Myocarditis in the Setting of Recent COVID-19 Vaccination

Cited by 11 publications

References 10 publications

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports

COVID-19 Vaccine-Related Myocarditis: A Descriptive Study of 40 Case Reports

Myocarditis after COVID‐19 mRNA vaccination: A systematic review of case reports and case series

Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Myocarditis following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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