Myocardial perfusion imaging with contrast echocardiography

Carr, Chad L.; Lindner, Jonathan R.

doi:10.1007/s11886-008-0039-8

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 46 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Animals used in this prospective study were female Fischer 344 rats (approximately 250 g, Charles River Laboratories, Durham, NC). A fibrosarcoma tumor model was established through the implantation of a 1-mm 3 sample of tissue in the right flank region of the animals as previously described (18). Animals were imaged after the tumor had grown larger than 0.5 cm in each of the three principal axes.…”

Section: Animal and Contrast Agent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Microvasculature with Acoustic Angiography Yields Quantifiable Differences between Healthy and Tumor-bearing Tissue Volumes in a Rodent Model

Gessner¹,

Aylward²,

Dayton³

2012

Radiology

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose:To determine if the morphologies of microvessels could be extracted from contrast material-enhanced acoustic angiographic ultrasonographic (US) images and used as a quantitative basis for distinguishing healthy from diseased tissue. Materials and Methods:All studies were institutional animal care and use committee approved. Three-dimensional contrast-enhanced acoustic angiographic images were acquired in both healthy (n = 7) and tumor-bearing (n = 10) rats. High-spatial-resolution and high signal-to-noise acquisition was enabled by using a prototype dual-frequency US transducer (transmit at 4 MHz, receive at 30 MHz). A segmentation algorithm was utilized to extract microvessel structure from image data, and the distance metric (DM) and the sum of angles metric (SOAM), designed to distinguish different types of tortuosity, were applied to image data. The vessel populations extracted from tumor-bearing tissue volumes were compared against vessels extracted from tissue volumes in the same anatomic location within healthy control animals by using the two-sided Student t test. Results:Metrics of microvascular tortuosity were significantly higher in the tumor population. The average DM of the tumor population (1.34 6 0.40 [standard deviation]) was 23.76% higher than that of the control population (1.08 6 0.08) (P , .0001), while the average SOAM (22.53 6 7.82) was 50.73% higher than that of the control population (14.95 6 4.83) (P , .0001). The DM and SOAM metrics for the control and tumor populations were significantly different when all vessels were pooled between the two animal populations. In addition, each animal in the tumor population had significantly different DM and SOAM metrics relative to the control population (P , .05 for all; P value ranges for DM, 3.89 3 10 27 to 5.63 3 10 23 ; and those for SOAM, 2.42 3 10 212 to 1.57 3 10 23). Conclusion:Vascular network quantification by using high-spatialresolution acoustic angiographic images is feasible. Data suggest that the angiogenic processes associated with tumor development in the models studied result in higher instances of vessel tortuosity near the tumor site. Kruse and Ferrara (16), and the design of the prototype imaging transducer has been previously presented by Gessner et al (17). The purpose of this analysis was to test our hypothesis that the morphologies of microvessels could be extracted from US images and used as a quantitative basis for distinguishing healthy from diseased tissue volumes in a rat model. Materials and Methods Animal and Contrast Agent PreparationAll animal protocols used in this prospective study were approved by our institutional animal care and use committee. Animals used in this prospective study were female Fischer 344 rats (approximately 250 g, Charles River Laboratories, Durham, NC). A fibrosarcoma tumor model was established through the implantation of a 1-mm 3 sample of tissue in the right flank region of the animals as previously described (18). Animals were imaged after the tumor had grown larger than 0.5 cm ...

show abstract

Section: Animal and Contrast Agent Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Microvasculature with Acoustic Angiography Yields Quantifiable Differences between Healthy and Tumor-bearing Tissue Volumes in a Rodent Model

Gessner¹,

Aylward²,

Dayton³

2012

Radiology

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…MCAs have been applied in a wide range of imaging studies including assessing myocardial perfusion (8,9), imaging blood-perfusion in tumors (10, 11), and molecular targeting of angiogenesis or inflammation (12–15). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of anesthesia carrier gas on in vivo circulation times of ultrasound microbubble contrast agents in rats

Mullin

Gessner

Kwan

et al. 2011

Contrast Media & Molecular

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Microbubble contrast agents are currently implemented in a variety of both clinical and preclinical ultrasound imaging studies. The therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities of these contrast agents are limited by their short in-vivo lifetimes, and research to lengthen their circulation times is ongoing. In this manuscript, observations are presented from a controlled experiment performed to evaluate differences in circulation times for lipid shelled perfluorocarbon-filled contrast agents circulating within rodents as a function of inhaled anesthesia carrier gas. Methods The effects of two common anesthesia carrier gas selections - pure oxygen and medical air – were observed within five rats. Contrast agent persistence within the kidney was measured and compared for oxygen and air anesthesia carrier gas for six bolus contrast injections in each animal. Simulations were performed to examine microbubble behavior with changes in external environment gases. Results A statistically significant extension of contrast circulation time was observed for animals breathing medical air compared to breathing pure oxygen. Simulations support experimental observations and indicate that enhanced contrast persistence may be explained by reduced ventilation/perfusion mismatch and classical diffusion, in which nitrogen plays a key role by contributing to the volume and diluting other gas species in the microbubble gas core. Conclusion: Using medical air in place of oxygen as the carrier gas for isoflurane anesthesia can increase the circulation lifetime of ultrasound microbubble contrast agents.

show abstract

“…One technique, Contrast Enhanced High Resolution Ultrasound (CEHRUS), utilizes gas filled microbubbles as a contrast agent. Injection of these microbubbles into the blood stream allows for visualization of the flow of blood with real-time flow measurements down to the capillary level, but it does not provide a 3D view of the imaged vessels 2,[27][28][29][30][31] . Another method, Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA) has also been used to image coronary vessels [32][33][34] , and recent advances in MRA have extended its imaging capabilities to obtain real-time blood flow measurements 35,36 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrograde Perfusion and Filling of Mouse Coronary Vasculature as Preparation for Micro Computed Tomography Imaging

Weyers

Carlson

Murry

et al. 2012

JoVE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Visualization of the vasculature is becoming increasingly important for understanding many different disease states. While several techniques exist for imaging vasculature, few are able to visualize the vascular network as a whole while extending to a resolution that includes the smaller vessels 1,2 . Additionally, many vascular casting techniques destroy the surrounding tissue, preventing further analysis of the sample [3][4][5] . One method which circumvents these issues is micro-Computed Tomography (μCT). μCT imaging can scan at resolutions <10 microns, is capable of producing 3D reconstructions of the vascular network, and leaves the tissue intact for subsequent analysis (e.g., histology and morphometry) [6][7][8][9][10][11] . However, imaging vessels by ex vivo μCT methods requires that the vessels be filled with a radiopaque compound. As such, the accurate representation of vasculature produced by μCT imaging is contingent upon reliable and complete filling of the vessels. In this protocol, we describe a technique for filling mouse coronary vessels in preparation for μCT imaging.Two predominate techniques exist for filling the coronary vasculature: in vivo via cannulation and retrograde perfusion of the aorta (or a branch off the aortic arch) [12][13][14] , or ex vivo via a Langendorff perfusion system [15][16][17] . Here we describe an in vivo aortic cannulation method which has been specifically designed to ensure filling of all vessels. We use a low viscosity radiopaque compound called Microfil which can perfuse through the smallest vessels to fill all the capillaries, as well as both the arterial and venous sides of the vascular network. Vessels are perfused with buffer using a pressurized perfusion system, and then filled with Microfil. To ensure that Microfil fills the small higher resistance vessels, we ligate the large branches emanating from the aorta, which diverts the Microfil into the coronaries. Once filling is complete, to prevent the elastic nature of cardiac tissue from squeezing Microfil out of some vessels, we ligate accessible major vascular exit points immediately after filling. Therefore, our technique is optimized for complete filling and maximum retention of the filling agent, enabling visualization of the complete coronary vascular network -arteries, capillaries, and veins alike. Video LinkThe video component of this article can be found at http://www.jove.com/video/3740/ Protocol 1. Preparations before starting Paraformaldehyde (PFA) in PBS, respectively. 2. Prepare a 1/2cc Insulin Syringe (with a permanently attached 29G ½" needle) by filling it with 0.1 ml of 1:100 Heparin (5000U/ml stock) and bending the needle to ~120 degree angle with the bevel up. Do the same with a 1 ml syringe (with a 26G ½" needle) filled with 0.3 ml saturated KCl solution.2. Exposing the heart and cannulating the aorta 1. Anesthetize the mouse using your anesthetic of choice. (We use an overdose of a Ketamine/Xylazine mixture: IP injection of 130 mg/kg Ketamine and 8.8 mg/kg Xylazine in saline.) 2...

show abstract

Myocardial perfusion imaging with contrast echocardiography

Cited by 16 publications

References 46 publications

Mapping Microvasculature with Acoustic Angiography Yields Quantifiable Differences between Healthy and Tumor-bearing Tissue Volumes in a Rodent Model

Mapping Microvasculature with Acoustic Angiography Yields Quantifiable Differences between Healthy and Tumor-bearing Tissue Volumes in a Rodent Model

Effect of anesthesia carrier gas on in vivo circulation times of ultrasound microbubble contrast agents in rats

Retrograde Perfusion and Filling of Mouse Coronary Vasculature as Preparation for Micro Computed Tomography Imaging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About