Myeloperoxidase isoform activities released by human neutrophils in response to dental and periodontal bacteria

Abstract

Myeloperoxidase is an enzyme released by polymorphonuclear leukocytes which has been used, experimentally, as an indicator of periodontal disease activity when measured in gingival crevicular fluid. There are three myeloperoxidase isoforms: MPO I, MPO II and MPO III. We examined the activities of myeloperoxidase isoforms released by neutrophils in response to serum-opsonized Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Haemophilus aphrophilus, Eikenella corrodens, Capnocytophaga sputigena and Streptococcus sanguis. Isoform activities were determined using intermediate-pressure liquid chromatography and microenzyme assay. A. actinomycetemcomitans stimulated higher levels of myeloperoxidase release than any other oral bacteria unless pre-opsonized with serum (or protein-A-purified immunoglobulin) from an individual with localized juvenile periodontitis. Most oral bacteria stimulated the release of all myeloperoxidase isoforms with a profile enriched in MPO I and diminished in MPO III. Exceptionally, serum-opsonized A. actinomycetemcomitans stimulated myeloperoxidase isoform release in proportion to the neutrophil granule constituency with or without localized juvenile periodontitis serum pre-opsonization. Because myeloperoxidase isoform profiles reflect how neutrophils were stimulated, isoform analysis may refine future diagnostic tests based upon myeloperoxidase.

Peptoanaerobacter stomatis Primes Human Neutrophils and Induces Granule Exocytosis

“…Azurophil granule exocytosis is tightly controlled, and only 20% of the granule pool is mobilized, since release of proteases from the cell will damage host tissues (24,50). As with MMPs, elevated levels of MPO are present in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients, indicating that oral pathogens can trigger azurophil granule exocytosis (51,52). In this study, we found that P. stomatis challenge of human neutrophils triggered both a timedependent and a concentration-dependent release of MPO.…”

“…In this study, we found that P. stomatis challenge of human neutrophils triggered both a timedependent and a concentration-dependent release of MPO. Similarly, F. nucleatum, P. gingivalis, and T. denticola can induce the release of elastase from neutrophils, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans can induce MPO release (40,51,52). In contrast, we recently showed that the newly recognized periodontal pathogen Filifactor alocis did not induce azurophil granule release even at a high multiplicity of infection (53).…”

Gender and smoking-related risk reduction of periodontal disease with variant myeloperoxidase alleles

“…1 The enzyme is largely expressed in polymorphonuclear neutrophils and, therefore, the highest levels of enzyme activity were found at sites with increasing gingival inflammation. The function to combat pathogenic oral bacteria may protect from infection, on the other hand activated neutrophils promote cell destruction and MPO activity measurements have been used as predictors of periodontal disease severity.…”

Comportamento dos sistemas peroxidase e antioxidante, e produtos de peroxidação lipídica na saliva total de pacientes com diabetes mellitus 2 antes e após tratamento periodontal não cirúrgico

“…Componentes dos SPS, a PO e a MPO salivares foram amplamente estudados no DM (Güven et al, 1996;Wiersna et al, 2008;Gorudko et al, 2012) e na DP (Miyasaki;Nemirovskly;Gonçalves et al, 2008;Meschiari et al, 2013). Os resultados do presente estudo estão consistentes com os estudos de Smith et al (1984), Güven et al (1996), Sakamoto et al (2008) (Gonçalves et al, 2008).…”

“…A PO e a MPO foram amplamente estudados na saliva no DM (Guven et al, 1996;Wiersna et al, 2008;Gorudko et al, 2012) e na DP (Miyasaki;Nemirovskiy, 1997;Gonçalves et al, 2008;Meschiari et al, 2013). Foi relatado um aumento da atividade SPO em gengivite experimental, uma vez que ocorre uma exsudação de leucócitos através do sulco gengival para a saliva, diminuindo sua atividade após higiene oral normal (Smith et al, 1984).…”