Myeloid sarcoma of the urinary bladder as the presenting feature of secondary acute myeloid leukemia, successfully treated with venetoclax and azacitidine

Venetoclax-Related Neutropenia in Leukemic Patients: A Comprehensive Review of the Underlying Causes, Risk Factors, and Management

“…In contrast to younger patients, whose 5-year overall survival rates improved significantly since the 1970s, survival in elderly patients remained poor [ 64 ]. Recently, the combination of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents was shown to strongly improve response and survival in frail elderly AML patients [ 19 ]; however, the clinical course is sometimes still characterized by frequent septic complications [ 65 ]. Adverse events associated with grade III/IV neutropenia observed during the clinical trials of venetoclax for AML are outlined in Table 2 .…”

“…While it can manifest at any age, leukemia stands as the predominant pediatric tumor, constituting 35% of cancers in children up to the age of 14. On the other hand, most cases of leukemia manifest in individuals aged 65 and older, rendering it a malignancy affecting both the pediatric and geriatric populations [2]. Survival rates across leukemia types exhibit considerable variation, with CLL demonstrating the most favorable 5-year survival rate at 88%, while AML presents the least Pharmaceuticals 2024, 17, 484 2 of 19 favorable, at 31.7% [5].…”