Mydriatic Effect of Four Drugs Determined With Pupillograph

Gambill, Harold D.; Ogle, Kenneth N.; Kearns, Thomas P.

doi:10.1001/archopht.1967.00980020742005

Cited by 51 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…These observations parallel those of others [11][12][13][14][15] and reflect the differential uptake and washout of drug by blue and brown irides. The time of maximal pupil diameter and the duration of the response agree with those pre viously cited [11,14,16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Optimal Pupil Diameter for Scheimpflug Slit Image Photography of the Lens in Man

1992

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Densitometric analysis of Scheimpflug photography of the lens has been examined as a function of pupil diameter in normal volunteers. On the basis of both the length of the lens waveform and the integral area under the curve of the lens waveform, there is a critical pupil diameter above which the waveform is unchanged. Below this critical diameter the waveform becomes distorted by shortening and a change in shape. The critical pupil diameter is between 6 and 6.5 mm. This result is of importance either in longitudinal studies, where the pupil diameter may not be reproducible, or in studies where other drugs are used which may prevent full pupil dilatation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…The time of maximal pupil diameter and the duration of the response agree with those pre viously cited [11,14,16].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Optimal Pupil Diameter for Scheimpflug Slit Image Photography of the Lens in Man

1992

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“…It is known that the light reflex is reduced by mydriatic drugs (Gambill, Ogle & Kearns, 1967) and by the miotic pilocarpine, an effect that has been attributed to its partial agonist activity (Newsome & Loewenfeld, 1974). This study examined whether full agonists also inhibited the light reflex.…”

Section: Intoductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors determining the potency of cholinomimetic miotic drugs and their effect upon the light reflex in man.

Smith¹,

Smith²

1978

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1. Television pupillometry was used to measure the effect of six topically applied cholinomimetic drugs on the resting diameter and light reflex amplitude of the human pupil. Drug potency was obtained from dose response curves. 2. The tertiary amines arecoline, aceclidine and pilocarpine were considerably more effective miotics than the choline esters carbachol, methacholine and acetylcholine. 3. All the drugs which caused miosis also reduced light reflex amplitude proportionally. 4. The in vitro potency of these drugs was also measured on preparations of rabbit iris sphincter and guinea pig ileum. 5. Dose response relationships for pilocarpine in man and in vitro showed evidence of partial agonist activity on the rabbit iris only. 6. A comparison of the in vivo and in vitro results showed that three factors influenced the potency of topically applied miotics: accessibility to the iris; sensitivity to cholinesterase; and cholinoceptor agonist potency.

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“…Thus atropine and cyclopentolate are used in the therapy of inflammations of the iris because of their powerful and long-lasting effects while weaker drugs such as tropicamide and homatropine are preferred for routine fundal inspection (Mattila, Takki & Indanpaan-Heikkila, 1967;Gambill, Ogle & Kearns, 1967;Smith, 1971). The purpose of this investigation was to determine the factors responsible for these differences in potency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors determining the potency of mydriatic drugs in man.

Smith¹

1976

Brit J Clinical Pharma

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1 The mydriasis resulting from topical application of five atropine‐ like drugs was measured photographically in man. Drug potency was obtained from log dose‐response curves. 2 The in vitro potency of eight cholinoceptor blocking drugs, including those studied in man, was obtained by measuring their affinity constants for binding to the receptors of an isolated preparation of the rabbit sphincter pupillae. Values agreed closely with those obtained for the muscarinic receptors of guinea‐pig ileum. 3 In vitro and in vivo potency was compared to obtain a quantitative measure of the relative ease with which drugs gain access to the receptors after topical application. 4 The large differences that occur in the intensity and duration of the mydriatic response to atropine‐like drugs is primarily the result of differences in their ability to blcok the receptors. Only with tropicamide does its relatively high accessibility affect its potency in man.

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Mydriatic Effect of Four Drugs Determined With Pupillograph

Cited by 51 publications

References 10 publications

Optimal Pupil Diameter for Scheimpflug Slit Image Photography of the Lens in Man

Optimal Pupil Diameter for Scheimpflug Slit Image Photography of the Lens in Man

Factors determining the potency of cholinomimetic miotic drugs and their effect upon the light reflex in man.

Factors determining the potency of mydriatic drugs in man.

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