Mycotoxin-Containing Diet Causes Oxidative Stress in the Mouse

Abstract

Mycotoxins which mainly consist of Aflatoxin (AF), Zearalenone (ZEN) and Deoxynivalenol (DON) are commonly found in many food commodities. Although each component has been shown to cause liver toxicity and oxidative stress in several species, there is no evidence regarding the effect of naturally contained multiple mycotoxins on tissue toxicity and oxidative stress in vivo. In the present study, mycotoxins-contaminated maize (AF 597 µg/kg, ZEN 729 µg/kg, DON 3.1 mg/kg maize) was incorporated into the diet at three different doses (0, 5 and 20%) to feed the mice, and blood and tissue samples were collected to examine the oxidative stress related indexes. The results showed that the indexes of liver, kidney and spleen were all increased and the liver and kidney morphologies changed in the mycotoxin-treated mice. Also, the treatment resulted in the elevated glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the serum and liver, indicating the presence of the oxidative stress. Moreover, the decrease of catalase (CAT) activity in the serum, liver and kidney as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the liver and kidney tissue further confirmed the occurrence of oxidative stress. In conclusion, our data indicate that the naturally contained mycotoxins are toxic in vivo and able to induce the oxidant stress in the mouse.

Efficacy of Dietary Antioxidants on Broiler Oxidative Stress, Performance and Meat Quality: Science and Market

“…Mycotoxins such as aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol and zearalenone which are commonly found in animal feeds have been suggested to induce oxidative stress in animals (Hou et al, 2013).…”

Changes in antioxidant status of porcine ovarian granulosa cells after quercetin and T-2 toxin treatment

“…[22] The primary antioxidant enzymes responsible for protection from oxidative stress are superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). [24] Recent studies confirmed direct dose-dependent effect of T-2 toxin on granulosa cells proliferation and steroidogenesis. As far as we know, there are no studies investigated an impacts of T-2 toxin in combination with natural antioxidant quercetin on porcine granulosa cells antioxidant status in vitro.…”

Changes in expression and production of heme oxygenase-1 in rats with acute liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharide

“…We found that LPS led to mononuclear cell infiltration and fatty degeneration in the liver. AST catalyzes the reversible transfer of an amino group between aspartate and glutamate, and as such, is an important enzyme in the amino acid metabolism (Hou et al, 2013). AST and ALT are commonly measured clinically as markers of liver health, and thus the enhanced AST and ALT activities in the serum after 6, 12, 24 and 36 hr of LPS treatment indicated that LPS could lead to the organ pathology changes and liver damage, while the histopathological changes in the liver certified this deduction.…”

“…The possible interpretation for this observation is that the metabolism of LPS mainly occurs in the liver, and these three anti-oxidative enzymes cooperate as follows: SOD catalyzes the dismutation of the superoxide radical (O 2-) to oxygen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), protecting the organs from the O 2-damage. GPx catalyzes the reduction of H 2 O 2 in water (Hou et al, 2013).…”

“…Oxidative stress, which refers to the in vivo oxidation and antioxidation imbalance, reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage (Hou et al, 2013;Sun et al, 2002). In tissues, the primary antioxidant enzymes responsible for protection from oxidative stress are superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (Ceballos-Picot et al, 1992;Yasui and Baba, 2006).…”