Mycoses and Non-Infectious Diseases

Brock, Kristie; Gallaugher, Laura; Bergdall, Valerie; Dysko, Robert C.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-380920-9.00017-1

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…The major reference textbooks on pathology of the laboratory rabbit either omit emphysema as a spontaneous disease 6,38 or acknowledge the findings of Strawbridge but dismiss them as being an historical anomaly or clinically irrelevant. 4,8 Although Strawbridge noted a marked increase in the incidence of emphysema in rabbits >2.5 years (62%) versus rabbits 6–18 months old (19%–39%), the present study only examined rabbits >2 years old and found no correlation between lesion severity and age in this group, likely due to study limitations. However, emphysema is rarely noted in younger rabbits.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

“…In some cases where age-related lesions are described, such as spontaneous pulmonary emphysema, 42 other more recent references are contradictory, based apparently on the lack of additional confirmatory reporting. 4,8 Other spontaneous age-related lesions, such as unique intimal proliferations in the pulmonary arteries, are poorly documented in the English language literature, 20 and can resemble iatrogenic lesions caused by experimental manipulation. 27…”

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Spontaneous Lung Lesions in Aging Laboratory Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

et al. 2016

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Spontaneous age-related lesions of laboratory rabbits are not well documented in the contemporary scientific literature. A retrospective study of diagnostic necropsies of 36 rabbits >2 years of age found a number of common lung lesions. Fibromuscular intimal hyperplasia affected medium and to a lesser extent large pulmonary arteries and was present to a variable extent in all 36 rabbits >2 years of age. The lesions were characterized by fragmentation and/or reduplication of the internal elastic lamina (IEL), proliferation of smoothelinþ/alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA)þ/vimentinÀ smooth muscle cells and fewer smoothelinÀ/a-SMAþ/vimentinþ myofibroblasts, and intimal deposition of collagen without thrombosis, embolism, or evidence of pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary emphysema, present in 30/36 rabbits, was characterized by the loss of alveolar septa; most affected rabbits did not have clinical signs of respiratory disease. In 8/13 rabbits of the inbred EIII/JC audiogenic strain, we identified a unique syndrome of granulomatous pneumonia containing hyaline brown to gray, globular to ring-like acellular material that was Alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff positive. The material was immunoreactive for surfactant protein-A and had the ultrastructural appearance of multilamellar vesicles, suggesting a genetic defect in surfactant metabolism. Additionally, we found small benign primary lung tumors (fibropapillomas, 5 rabbits) not previously described. Other findings included heterotopic bone (5 rabbits), subacute to chronic suppurative bronchopneumonia, pyogranulomatous pneumonia with plant material, and pulmonary artifacts from barbiturate euthanasia solution.Although spontaneous background lesions of aging laboratory mice and rats are well documented and described, 7,9,19,23,31 there is less information on spontaneous lesions of aging laboratory rabbits. 14,15,21 In part this is because of the types of acute or relatively short-term studies for which rabbits are commonly used. In some cases where age-related lesions are described, such as spontaneous pulmonary emphysema, 42 other more recent references are contradictory, based apparently on the lack of additional confirmatory reporting. 4,8 Other spontaneous age-related lesions, such as unique intimal proliferations in the pulmonary arteries, are poorly documented in the English language literature, 20 and can resemble iatrogenic lesions caused by experimental manipulation. 27 While most rabbits used in research are outbred New Zealand White (NZW) or Dutch-belted stock, inbred rabbits strains do exist, including the audiogenic (EIII/JC) strain. The inbred III/J parent rabbit strain was originally developed at the Jackson Laboratory in 1932 by Dr Paul B. Sawin using NZW rabbits from Dr William Ernest Castle. The audiogenic (EIII/J) substrain was selected for a predisposition to sound-induced seizures by Dr Richard R. Fox in 1961. 13 The strain came to Penn State Hershey in 1988 from the National Cancer Institute. 37 Rabbits have been used as an induced experimental...

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 66%

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confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Lung Lesions in Aging Laboratory Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

et al. 2016

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“…Comments: Osteopetrosis has been recorded in Dutch Belted rabbits; feed formulation errors have historically caused vitamin A toxicity-related increased bone deposition, sometimes leading to hydrocephalus 195 .…”

Section: Section 14: Skeletal System (Bone Joint Tooth)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comments: The combination of a light skeleton (6–8% of body weight 24 , 30 ) and ample skeletal muscle (>50% of body weight) predisposes rabbits to vertebral, sometimes even spontaneous, fracture 24 , 195 , often at the 7 th lumbar vertebrae 30 . Lumbosacral fractures may also be seen as sequelae to convulsions/seizures induced by CNS active test articles.…”

Section: Section 14: Skeletal System (Bone Joint Tooth)mentioning

confidence: 99%

International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND): Nonproliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Rabbit

et al. 2021

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The INHAND (International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria for Lesions Project (www.toxpath.org/inhand. asp) is a joint initiative of the Societies of Toxicologic Pathology from Europe (ESTP), Great Britain (BSTP), Japan (JSTP) and North America (STP) to develop an internationally accepted nomenclature for proliferative and non-proliferative lesions in laboratory animals. The purpose of this publication is to provide a standardized nomenclature for classifying microscopic lesions observed in most tissues and organs from the laboratory rabbit used in nonclinical safety studies. Some of the lesions are illustrated by color photomicrographs. The standardized nomenclature presented in this document is also available electronically on the internet (http://www.goreni.org/). Sources of material included histopathology databases from government, academia, and industrial laboratories throughout the world. Content includes spontaneous lesions as well as lesions induced by exposure to test materials. Relevant infectious and parasitic lesions are included as well. A widely accepted and utilized international harmonization of nomenclature for lesions in laboratory animals will provide a common language among regulatory and scientific research organizations in different countries and increase and enrich international exchanges of information among toxicologists and pathologists.

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“…However, a rabbit model for studying spontaneous cataracts has not been available. Although two types of inherited cataracts, Cat‐1 and Cat‐2 had been reported by Nachtsheim and Gurich in 1939 and Ehling in 1957, respectively (Cited by Brock et al …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High incidence of spontaneous cataracts in aging laboratory rabbits of an inbred strain

Peng

Roshwalb

Cooper

et al. 2014

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Objective To investigate the occurrence of spontaneous cataracts in a breeding colony of the inbred EIII/JC strain of New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculi) and the congenic strain of EIII/JC-HLA-A2.1transgenic rabbits. Procedure A retrospective study was conducted by collecting and analyzing data from clinical records for individual rabbits filed between January 2011 and October 2013. Results Thirteen cases (8 females and 5 males) of cataract were identified in a group of 51 EIII/JC inbred rabbits with a morbidity of 25.5%. The median age of the rabbits identified with unilateral or bilateral cataracts was 43 months in contrast to the median age of 23 months of the entire group of 51 rabbits. Additionally, seven cases (5 females and 2 males) of cataracts were identified in a group of 21 EIII/JC-HLA-A2.1 transgenic rabbits. The EIII/JC- HLA.A2.1 transgenic rabbits showed similar morbidity (33.3%) and median age (41 months) for the development of cataracts as the EIII/JC rabbits. In both groups, none of the rabbits younger than 37 months developed cataracts while 13 (93%) of 14 EIII/JC rabbits aged 37 to 49 months and 7 (63.6%) of 11 EIII/JC-HLA.A2.1 transgenic rabbits aged 37 to 43 months developed cataracts. In contrast, none of 78 outbred rabbits with a median age of 29 months (10 to 67 months) developed cataracts. Conclusion Results of this study indicate that the occurrence and high incidence of spontaneous cataracts in this inbred strain (EIII/JC) of rabbits were strictly age related and consistently transmitted through inbreeding.

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Mycoses and Non-Infectious Diseases

Cited by 8 publications

References 142 publications

Spontaneous Lung Lesions in Aging Laboratory Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Spontaneous Lung Lesions in Aging Laboratory Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

International Harmonization of Nomenclature and Diagnostic Criteria (INHAND): Nonproliferative and Proliferative Lesions of the Rabbit

High incidence of spontaneous cataracts in aging laboratory rabbits of an inbred strain

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