Mycorrhizal colonization and seed treatment with salicylic acid to improve physiological traits and tolerance of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) plants grown under drought stress

Ansari, Aida; Razmjoo, Jamshid; Karimmojeni, Hassan

doi:10.1007/s11738-015-2054-x

Cited by 22 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Ectomycorrhizal colonization rates were not impacted by soil origin, plant genotype, or the majority of secondary metabolites (although did correlate with tremuloidin to some degree) demonstrating the relative differences in microbial response magnitudes of bacteria versus fungi to our experimental manipulation. High SA levels have been linked to either a delayed AM fungal colonization [51] or even the inability for specific AMF species to colonize [52, 53], indicating that SA signaling impacts not only pathogenic infection, but also may inhibit mutualistic interactions specifically with AMF. Our data suggest that such patterns do not extend to all mycorrhizal species as we did not see any differences in ECM colonization and there were actually increases in the Hymenogastraceae with SA concentrations in our amplicon-based analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizosphere microbiomes diverge among Populus trichocarpa plant-host genotypes and chemotypes, but it depends on soil origin

et al. 2019

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Background Plants have developed defense strategies for phytopathogen and herbivore protection via coordinated metabolic mechanisms. Low-molecular weight metabolites produced within plant tissues, such as salicylic acid, represent one such mechanism which likely mediates plant – microbe interactions above and below ground. Salicylic acid is a ubiquitous phytohormone at low levels in most plants, yet are concentrated defense compounds in Populus , likely acting as a selective filter for rhizosphere microbiomes. We propagated twelve Populus trichocarpa genotypes which varied an order of magnitude in salicylic acid (SA)-related secondary metabolites, in contrasting soils from two different origins. After four months of growth, plant properties (leaf growth, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthetic rate) and plant root metabolomics specifically targeting SA metabolites were measured via GC-MS. In addition, rhizosphere microbiome composition was measured via Illumina MiSeq sequencing of 16S and ITS2 rRNA-genes. Results Soil origin was the primary filter causing divergence in bacterial/archaeal and fungal communities with plant genotype secondarily influential. Both bacterial/archaeal and fungal evenness varied between soil origins and bacterial/archaeal diversity and evenness correlated with at least one SA metabolite (diversity: populin; evenness: total phenolics). The production of individual salicylic acid derivatives that varied by host genotype resulted in compositional differences for bacteria /archaea (tremuloidin) and fungi (salicylic acid) within one soil origin (Clatskanie) whereas soils from Corvallis did not illicit microbial compositional changes due to salicylic acid derivatives. Several dominant bacterial (e.g., Betaproteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadete, Firmicutes ) and one fungal phyla ( Mortierellomycota ) also correlated with specific SA secondary metabolites; bacterial phyla exhibited more negative interactions (declining abundance with increasing metabolite concentration) than positive interactions. Conclusions These results indicate microbial communities diverge most among soil origin. However, within a soil origin, bacterial/archaeal communities are responsive to plant SA production within greenhouse-based rhizosphere microbiomes. Fungal microbiomes are impacted by root SA-metabolites, but overall to a lesser degree within this experimental context. These results suggest plant defense strategies, such as SA and its secondary metabolites, may partially drive patterns of both bacterial/archaeal and fungal taxa-specific colonization and assembly. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40168-019-0668-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhizosphere microbiomes diverge among Populus trichocarpa plant-host genotypes and chemotypes, but it depends on soil origin

et al. 2019

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“…Exogenous applications of SA was shown to reduce mycorrhizal development, at least during the first weeks (Blilou et al, 2000; Costa et al, 2000; Özgönen et al, 2001; de Román et al, 2011), but neutral responses were also observed (Ludwig-Müller et al, 2002; Ansari et al, 2016). AM colonization can also increase following soaking seeds with SA (Garg and Bharti, 2018).…”

Section: Phytohormones Influence the Mycorrhizal Symbiosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Unraveling the Initial Plant Hormone Signaling, Metabolic Mechanisms and Plant Defense Triggering the Endomycorrhizal Symbiosis Behavior

Bedini¹,

Mercy²,

Schneider³

et al. 2018

Front. Plant Sci.

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Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi establish probably one of the oldest mutualistic relationships with the roots of most plants on earth. The wide distribution of these fungi in almost all soil ecotypes and the broad range of host plant species demonstrate their strong plasticity to cope with various environmental conditions. AM fungi elaborate fine-tuned molecular interactions with plants that determine their spread within root cortical tissues. Interactions with endomycorrhizal fungi can bring various benefits to plants, such as improved nutritional status, higher photosynthesis, protection against biotic and abiotic stresses based on regulation of many physiological processes which participate in promoting plant performances. In turn, host plants provide a specific habitat as physical support and a favorable metabolic frame, allowing uptake and assimilation of compounds required for the life cycle completion of these obligate biotrophic fungi. The search for formal and direct evidences of fungal energetic needs raised strong motivated projects since decades, but the impossibility to produce AM fungi under axenic conditions remains a deep enigma and still feeds numerous debates. Here, we review and discuss the initial favorable and non-favorable metabolic plant context that may fate the mycorrhizal behavior, with a focus on hormone interplays and their links with mitochondrial respiration, carbon partitioning and plant defense system, structured according to the action of phosphorus as a main limiting factor for mycorrhizal symbiosis. Then, we provide with models and discuss their significances to propose metabolic targets that could allow to develop innovations for the production and application of AM fungal inocula.

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“…SA is known as a phenolic compound that naturally exists in plants at a very low concentration; however, it is a hormone-like substance that plays an important role for the regulation of plant growth and development [ 23 , 24 ]. Increasing evidence suggests that SA not only functions in response to biotic stress [ 25 , 26 ], but also plays an important role in abiotic stress, including cold [ 27 , 28 ], drought [ 29 ], heavy metal [ 23 , 30 ], and heat stress [ 3 , 31 , 32 ]. Khan et al [ 31 ] reported that exogenous acetyl SA enhanced the thermo-tolerance in four-week-old tomato seedlings by improving root morphological features and root activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salicylic acid reverses pollen abortion of rice caused by heat stress

et al. 2018

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BackgroundExtremely high temperatures are becoming an increasingly severe threat to crop yields. It is well documented that salicylic acid (SA) can enhance the stress tolerance of plants; however, its effect on the reproductive organs of rice plants has not been described before. To investigate the mechanism underlying the SA-mediated alleviation of the heat stress damage to rice pollen viability, a susceptible cultivar (Changyou1) was treated with SA at the pollen mother cell (PMC) meiosis stage and then subjected to heat stress of 40 °C for 10 d until 1d before flowering.ResultsUnder control conditions, no significant difference was found in pollen viability and seed-setting rate in SA treatments. However, under heat stress conditions, SA decreased the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in anthers to prevent tapetum programmed cell death (PCD) and degradation. The genes related to tapetum development, such as EAT1 (Eternal Tapetum 1), MIL2 (Microsporeless 2), and DTM1 (Defective Tapetum and Meiocytese 1), were found to be involved in this process. When rice plants were exogenously sprayed with SA or paclobutrazol (PAC, a SA inhibitor) + H2O2 under heat stress, a significantly higher pollen viability was found compared to plants sprayed with H2O, PAC, or SA + dimethylthiourea (DMTU, an H2O2 and OH· scavenger). Additionally, a sharp increase in H2O2 was observed in the SA or PAC+ H2O2 treatment groups compared to other treatments.ConclusionWe suggest that H2O2 may play an important role in mediating SA to prevent pollen abortion caused by heat stress through inhibiting the tapetum PCD.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12870-018-1472-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Mycorrhizal colonization and seed treatment with salicylic acid to improve physiological traits and tolerance of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) plants grown under drought stress

Cited by 22 publications

References 33 publications

Rhizosphere microbiomes diverge among Populus trichocarpa plant-host genotypes and chemotypes, but it depends on soil origin

Rhizosphere microbiomes diverge among Populus trichocarpa plant-host genotypes and chemotypes, but it depends on soil origin

Unraveling the Initial Plant Hormone Signaling, Metabolic Mechanisms and Plant Defense Triggering the Endomycorrhizal Symbiosis Behavior

Salicylic acid reverses pollen abortion of rice caused by heat stress

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