Mycoplasmal Respiratory Infections

Cassell, Gail H.; Clyde, Wallace A.; Davis, J. K.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-078404-2.50010-5

Cited by 66 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…The modifying effect of certain respiratory Mycoplasma infections on their host's immune system are well known (Cassell et al, 1985), although little work has been reported in avian species. Turkey poults that had been infected in ovo with M. meleagridis had a decreased antibody response to Newcastle disease vaccine , to inactivated Salmonella pullorum antigen and to dinitrophenyl-bovine gamma globulin .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exacerbation ofMycoplasma gallisepticuminfection in Turkeys by rhinotracheitis virus

et al. 1992

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SUMMARYGroups of 1-day-old turkey poults from a parent flock free of antibodies to turkey rhinotracheitis virus (TRTV) and the pathogenic mycoplasmas, were infected by eyedrop with virulent TRTV, with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg) or with both agents together. Dual infection resulted in increased morbidity compared with those groups given single infections. The presence of the Mg in the dual infection had no apparent effect on the pathogenesis of the virus, but the virus caused the Mycoplasma to be more invasive.Mg infection caused a transient depression in TRTV ELISA antibody titres at 29 days postinoculation. At 14 days post-infection Mg haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and rapid serum agglutination (RSA) titres were higher (P <0.01) in the mixed infection group compared with those infected with Mg alone, but there was no significant difference between ELISA antibody titres of these two groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exacerbation ofMycoplasma gallisepticuminfection in Turkeys by rhinotracheitis virus

et al. 1992

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“…pneumoniae is a well-established pathogen of the human respiratory tract, causing pneumonia (primary atypical pneumonia, 'walking pneumonia'). Children and young adults are the populations most at risk, whereas very young children (< 3 years) or adults (> 30 years) are less frequently affected (Cassell et al, 1985;Jacobs, 1991). Several adverse events may contribute to the severity of the pneumonia.…”

Section: The Organisms Studiedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma adhesion

Razin¹,

Jacobs²

1992

Journal of General Microbiology

232

222

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“…Ureaplasma spp. are the most common microorganisms isolated from inflamed placentas and the lower respiratory tracts of neonates and are proven causes of neonatal pneumonia (4). Since initial reports associating ureaplasmal colonization and development of BPD were published in 1988 (5,23,26), more than 30 studies have been conducted.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent research has focused on the roles of perinatal infection and the inflammatory response as critical factors influencing chronic lung injury (7,16). Particular attention has been paid to the role of Ureaplasma species, fastidious bacteria found in the lower genital tracts of 40 to 80% of asymptomatic women (4). Rates of vertical transmission range from 18 to 88%, varying inversely with gestational age (6,8,12,24,25).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Ureaplasmas Isolated from Preterm Infants with and without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Katz¹,

Patel²,

Duffy³

et al. 2005

J Clin Microbiol

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A PCR assay was used to analyze endotracheal aspirates from preterm infants for Ureaplasma parvum versus U. urealyticum. U. parvum was detected more often than U. urealyticum. There was no significant difference or trend in the prevalence of either species between infants with or without bronchopulmonary dysplasia when isolated alone.The major factor leading to high morbidity and mortality of preterm infants is pulmonary immaturity. This manifests as respiratory distress in the early neonatal period and can develop into bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), currently defined as a supplemental oxygen requirement at 36 weeks postmenstrual age, with characteristic radiographic findings (2). A recent survey reported that the incidence of BPD ranged from 67% among infants with birth weights of 500 to 750 g to Ͻ1% in infants weighing 1,250 to 2,500 g (2).Development of BPD is multifactorial and is related to pulmonary immaturity, oxidant injury due to high levels of inspired oxygen, and volutrauma associated with mechanical ventilation. However, recent research has focused on the roles of perinatal infection and the inflammatory response as critical factors influencing chronic lung injury (7, 16). Particular attention has been paid to the role of Ureaplasma species, fastidious bacteria found in the lower genital tracts of 40 to 80% of asymptomatic women (4). Rates of vertical transmission range from 18 to 88%, varying inversely with gestational age (6,8,12,24,25). Ureaplasma spp. are the most common microorganisms isolated from inflamed placentas and the lower respiratory tracts of neonates and are proven causes of neonatal pneumonia (4). Since initial reports associating ureaplasmal colonization and development of BPD were published in 1988 (5, 23, 26), more than 30 studies have been conducted. Most, but not all, have supported this association, despite major changes in the pulmonary management of very-low-birth-weight infants, such as exogenous surfactant, antenatal corticosteroid administration, and high frequency ventilation.

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Mycoplasmal Respiratory Infections

Cited by 66 publications

References 180 publications

Exacerbation ofMycoplasma gallisepticuminfection in Turkeys by rhinotracheitis virus

Exacerbation ofMycoplasma gallisepticuminfection in Turkeys by rhinotracheitis virus

Mycoplasma adhesion

Characterization of Ureaplasmas Isolated from Preterm Infants with and without Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

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