Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a pediatric population: Analysis of soluble immune markers as risk factors for asthma

Hassan, Jaythoon; Irwin, Fiona; Dooley, S.; Connell, Jeff

doi:10.1016/j.humimm.2008.09.003

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Increased VEGF levels with M. pneumoniae infection suggest that M. pneumoniae stimulates allergic inflammation, as well as airway vascular angiogenesis and edema formation, consequently aggravating airway inflammation. In previous studies, the levels of IL-13, IL-4, and TNF-α were increased with M. pneumoniae infection, suggesting that this infection can aggravate asthma symptoms 26,27. However, in our study, there were no significant differences in serum IL-13 and TNF-α levels between admission phase and symptomatic recovery phase in any of the four study groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection Affects the Serum Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-5 in Atopic Children

Jeong

Yeo

Kim

et al. 2012

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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PurposePrevious studies have outlined mechanisms by which Mycoplasma pneumonia (M. pneumonia) infection may promote allergic lung inflammation and airway remodeling, and increasing evidence from human studies suggests that atypical bacterial infections contribute to asthma exacerbation, chronic asthma, and disease severity with changes in cytokine expression. The present study evaluated changes in serum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and interleukin (IL)-5 in atopic children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.MethodsWe recruited a total of 72 children with pneumonia. The patients were divided into 4 groups: atopic children with M. pneumonia pneumonia (group I, n=24), non-atopic children with M. pneumonia pneumonia (group II, n=23), atopic children with viral pneumonia (group III, n=13), and non-atopic children with viral pneumonia (group IV, n=12). Serum levels of IL-5, IL-13, VEGF, and tumor necrosis factor-α were measured at admission and at recovery using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.ResultsSerum levels of VEGF and IL-5 were elevated in group I compared with the other groups at both admission phase and clinical recovery phase. In group I, serum levels of VEGF and IL-5 were higher at recovery phase than at admission phase (VEGF: 1,102.2±569.4 vs. 874.9±589.9 pg/mL, respectively; IL-5: 150.5±63.9 vs. 120.2±46.7 pg/mL, respectively).ConclusionsThe serum levels of VEGF and IL-5 were more increased in atopic children with M. pneumonia pneumonia than in the other groups. In this group, the serum levels of VEGF and IL-5 were more increased at recovery phase than at admission phase. The results of this study suggest that increases in VEGF and IL-5 may contribute to the development of hypersensitivity during M. pneumonia infection. These cytokines may act through their respective pro-inflammatory pathways to aggravate the allergic status and induce airway hypersensitivity during M. pneumonia pneumonia in atopic children.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 72%

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection Affects the Serum Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-5 in Atopic Children

Jeong

Yeo

Kim

et al. 2012

Allergy Asthma Immunol Res

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“…Therefore, the balance among multiple cytokines during M. pneumoniae infection may play a significant role in the development of respiratory complications, such as severe pneumonia and/or asthma. [20][21][22] The prevalent generation of Th2 immune responses and inflammation may promote pediatric asthma during M. pneumoniae infection. 23 Total and specific IgE responses have been described during M. pneumoniae respiratory infections, as well as in several viral and bacterial airways infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased Total Serum Immunoglobulin E in Children Developing Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related Extra-pulmonary Diseases

Poddighe

Comi

Brambilla

et al. 2018

IJAAI

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been recognized to be involved in several extra-pulmonary diseases, but the underlying immunologic mechanisms are still largely unknown. Recently, we observed a significant elevation of serum Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in a small group of these children. Here, we assessed total serum IgE levels in children affected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related extra-pulmonary diseases. We prospectively collected the data of 162 children admitted to the hospital (because of respiratory infections or extra-pulmonary diseases) who were evaluated for Mycoplasma pneumoniae serology and total serum IgE levels, concomitantly. Based upon clinical and serology aspects, 3 groups of children were identified: I) with non-mycoplasma respiratory disease; II) with mycoplasma-related respiratory diseases; III) with extra-pulmonary diseases related to concomitant/recent Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Interestingly, children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related extra-pulmonary diseases showed a significant elevation of total serum IgE. In particular, patients developing Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related extra-pulmonary diseases (group III) showed significantly higher level of IgE than both previous groups (p<0.001 vs. group I; p<0.01 vs. group II). In conclusion, hospitalized children diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related extra-pulmonary diseases resulted to have significantly increased serum IgE compared to children developing respiratory illnesses only.

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“…In other pathogen caused pneumonia, such as Escherichia coli pneumonia, Streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia, Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia, IL‐6 and IL‐10 were found important in inflammation . Children with MP lower respiratory tract infections, when compared with those with upper respiratory tract infections, had significantly higher serum levels of IL‐6 and IL‐10 . Data of broncho‐alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) changes of IL‐6 or IL‐10 in MPP have not been reported yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9] Children with MP lower respiratory tract infections, when compared with those with upper respiratory tract infections, had significantly higher serum levels of IL-6 and IL-10. 10 Data of broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) changes of IL-6 or IL-10 in MPP have not been reported yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased T cell activation in BALF from children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

Guo

Liu

et al. 2014

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a pediatric population: Analysis of soluble immune markers as risk factors for asthma

Cited by 11 publications

References 26 publications

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection Affects the Serum Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-5 in Atopic Children

Mycoplasma pneumoniaeInfection Affects the Serum Levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Interleukin-5 in Atopic Children

Increased Total Serum Immunoglobulin E in Children Developing Mycoplasma pneumoniae-related Extra-pulmonary Diseases

Increased T cell activation in BALF from children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia

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