Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Korean children: The epidemiology of pneumonia over an 18-year period

Eun, Byung Wook; Kim, Nam Hee; Choi, Eun Hwa; Lee, Hoan Jong

doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2008.02.018

Cited by 74 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…In the serological diagnosis of M. pneumoniae infection, it is important to recall that antibodies to M. pneumoniae (that is, both the IgM-and IgG-class antibodies which are available for serological testing in routine clinical practice) can persist at detectable levels in the serum for several months or even years after the acute phase of infection [Eun et al, 2008;Lind & Bentzon, 1991]. In addition, given that the human can be infected with M. pneumoniae several times during his or her lifetime with or without clinical symptoms, it seems likely that there are many asymptomatic antibody carriers in the general population [Foy, 1993], assuming the fact that antibody responses are evoked during each instance of infection [Eun et al, 2008;Ito et al, 2001;Kung et al, 2007].…”

Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Vasculitic Disorders Due To M Pnmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, given that the human can be infected with M. pneumoniae several times during his or her lifetime with or without clinical symptoms, it seems likely that there are many asymptomatic antibody carriers in the general population [Foy, 1993], assuming the fact that antibody responses are evoked during each instance of infection [Eun et al, 2008;Ito et al, 2001;Kung et al, 2007]. Thus, testing paired acute-and convalescent-phase sera using quantitative methods such as the complement fixation test, the particle agglutination test, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to show a significant increase in antibody titers is required for the precise diagnosis of a current, rather than a recent past, M. pneumoniae infection [Gnarpe et al, 1992].…”

Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Vasculitic Disorders Due To M Pnmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae as an Under- Recognized Agent of Vasculitic Disorders

Narita¹

2011

Advances in the Etiology, Pathogenesis and Pathology of Vasculitis

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Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Vasculitic Disorders Due To M Pnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diagnosis and Treatment Of Vasculitic Disorders Due To M Pnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma pneumoniae as an Under- Recognized Agent of Vasculitic Disorders

Narita¹

2011

Advances in the Etiology, Pathogenesis and Pathology of Vasculitis

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“…In closed populations like those in army bases or in periods showing epidemic peaks of M. pneumoniae infections (occurring every 3 to 7 years) (8,14), the incidence of infections might increase up to 50% (2). The primarily respiratory tract infection can be followed by extrapulmonary complications (22).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Commercial and In-House Real-Time PCR Assays Used for Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Dumke

Jacobs

2009

J Clin Microbiol

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We tested two commercial and three in-house PCR assays under standardized conditions to detect Mycoplasma pneumoniae. All five procedures were able to demonstrate M. pneumoniae DNA in a concentration comparable to 1 CFU/l, but the mean crossing points resulted in differences in the concentration of the genome copies of a factor of 20.Recent studies have shown that the cell wall-less mollicute species Mycoplasma pneumoniae is the causative agent of about 5 to 20% of all cases of community-acquired pneumonia in humans (2). In closed populations like those in army bases or in periods showing epidemic peaks of M. pneumoniae infections (occurring every 3 to 7 years) (8, 14), the incidence of infections might increase up to 50% (2). The primarily respiratory tract infection can be followed by extrapulmonary complications (22). The specific antibiotic treatment of the disease, restricted to macrolides, tetracyclines, or fluoroquinolones, accounts for the search for sensitive, specific, and fast methods for the detection of M. pneumoniae infections in routine bacteriological practice. Cultivation is time consuming (up to 3 weeks), insensitive, and requires confirmation that the colonies grown are M. pneumoniae bacteria. Serological methods, such as the complement fixation test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blot, are commonly used in the clinical laboratory but have practical limitations. The age-and timedependent formation of specific immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M antibodies, the persistence of detectable antibody levels resulting from previous contacts with M. pneumoniae, and the variable specificity and sensitivity of the test kits used influence the significance of the results of serodiagnosis (2). Therefore, PCR approaches extended the spectrum of available routine methods. Recent results reported the superiority of PCR over serology for the confirmation of a M. pneumoniae infection in the clinically important first week after the onset of pneumonia symptoms (17).In recent years, different PCR systems targeting a wide range of genes of M. pneumoniae (e.g., P1 adhesin, 16S rRNA, and ATPase operon gene) have been developed (16). Real-time PCR especially is characterized by rapidity, practicability, reduced risk of contamination, and high specificity and sensitivity of detection (3,7,9,13,15,19,23,24,25). However, the increasing number of real-time PCR approaches stresses the need for comparative validation of the performance of the different test procedures. Up to now, studies dealing with the evaluation of more than a single quantitative PCR system to detect M. pneumoniae have been very rare (7, 25) and have not included commercial test kits. To our knowledge, commercial quantitative PCR systems for the detection of M. pneumoniae are not available in the United States (2), whereas kits from different manufacturers are widely used in Europe. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sensitivities of different commercial and in-house real-time PCR approaches for the detection of M. p...

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“…M. pneumoniae infection can cause symptoms of various degrees, ranging from slight upper airway infection to severe pneumonia; in addition, a variety of extrapulmonary manifestations can also appear [2]. It accounts for up to 10-40% of community-acquired pneumonia in children, with a higher incidence rate during epidemics [3]. Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) occurs in all seasons, but previous Korean studies have shown an epidemic incidence with periodicity of every 3-4 years [3,4], and it has been seen more commonly in older children or adolescents [2,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It accounts for up to 10-40% of community-acquired pneumonia in children, with a higher incidence rate during epidemics [3]. Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) occurs in all seasons, but previous Korean studies have shown an epidemic incidence with periodicity of every 3-4 years [3,4], and it has been seen more commonly in older children or adolescents [2,5]. However, a high incidence rate has also recently been reported in 1-4-year-old children [3,[6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features according to chest radiologic patterns ofMycoplasmapneumonia in children

Kim

et al. 2016

Yeungnam Univ J Med

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Background: Clinical differences in Mycoplasma pneumonia (MP) in children and adolescent patients according to abnormal infiltrate patterns on the chest X-ray were compared. Methods: From 2012 to 2015, patients (n=336) diagnosed with MP at Yeungnam University Medical Center have been classified as eiher lobar pneumonia or bronchopneumonia based on the infilterate patterns observed on chest X-ray. Cases were analyzed retrospectively for gender, age, seasonal incidence rate, main symptoms (fever duration, extrapulmonary symptoms), and laboratory results, including white blood cell count, hemoglobin, platelets, C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), as well as concurrent respiratory virus infection. Results:The following results were observed. First, lobar pneumonia affected 22.0% of all MP patients and was the most common in preschool children, with a high incidence rate in November and December. Second, lobar pneumonia had a longer fever duration than bronchopneumonia (p<0.001), and also showed significantly higher platelets (336.8 vs. 299.1 k/µL, p=0.026), ESR (46.3 vs. 26.0 mm/hr, p<0.001) and CRP (4.86 vs. 2.18 mg/dL, p=0.001). Third, viral co-infection was more common in bronchopneumonia (p=0.017), affecting 66.7% of infants and toddlers (p=0.034). Finaly, lobar consolidation was most common in both lower lobes. Conclusion: MP in children has increased in younger age groups, and the rate of lobar pneumonia with severe clinical symptoms is higher in older children.

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae in Korean children: The epidemiology of pneumonia over an 18-year period

Cited by 74 publications

References 23 publications

Mycoplasma pneumoniae as an Under- Recognized Agent of Vasculitic Disorders

Mycoplasma pneumoniae as an Under- Recognized Agent of Vasculitic Disorders

Comparison of Commercial and In-House Real-Time PCR Assays Used for Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Clinical features according to chest radiologic patterns ofMycoplasmapneumonia in children

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