Mycological composition of soils in Kuban rice agrocenoses as a biotic component for their health

Abstract

Studies of the water-physical, physical-chemical and biological properties of meadow-chernozem soils were carried out on a rice irrigation system located in the present-day delta of the Kuban River. Rice meadow-chernozem soils have good water and general physical properties of humus layers. An increase in compaction is observed in the lower horizons of these soils. Meadow-chernozem soils are distinguished by low content of organic matter in arable horizons (3,2-3,4 %), neutral reaction of soil solution (рН 6,8-6,9) and high indices of cation exchange capacity (38,7-39,1 mmol/100g). The mycological composition of the studied soils in the autumn-spring periods was identified and identified. The soil was more saturated with representatives of the suppressive group at the beginning of rice vegetation, the opportunistic group was not detected and the antiphytopathogenic potential was 1:2. The spring-fed rice crop rotations soils are prone to soil stresses that are oversaturated with suppressors. In autumn, the ratio of conditionally suppressive to saprotrophic and pathogenic mycota was 1.5:4.5:7. The growth of colonies of the micromycete genus Trichoderma is traced, which confirms the beginning of a long process and the slow recovery of soil degradation processes.