Mycological and toxicological analysis of soil under the influence of crop cultivation technologies

Abstract

The purpose of the research is to study the influence of various crop cultivation technologies on the structure of micromycete complexes and the level of microbial soil toxicosis. Extensive, organic and intensive crop cultivation technologiesin a six-field crop rotation on soddy-podzolic gleyic soil for 2021–2022 have been studied. To study the structure of the micromycete complex the deep seeding method, the spatial occurrence index of species, the Syorensen-Chekanovsky similarity coefficient and the significance indexwere used. To determine the microbial toxicosis, the method of the initiated microbial community according to V.S. Guzev was used. According to the results of the experiments, fungi from the departments of Zygomycota and Ascomycota were discovered, in 2021 – 10 species, in 2022 – 16 species. In 2022, the largest number of micromycetes was recorded under cereals with extensive and intensive technologies, in 2021, a high number of fungi was recorded in variants with annual and perennial grasses using the same technologies. The greatest manifestation of microbial toxicosis was noted in 2021: the germinating ability of test crop seeds on control variants –76.67-92.67%, when initiating a microbial community – 44.67-76.67%. The cultivation of grain crops by extensive and intensive technologies contributed to the greater manifestation of soil microbial toxicosis.