Mycoflora of Argentinian corn harvested in the main production area in 1990

Abstract

Corn (Zea mays) is the main cereal produced in and exported from Argentina. The risk of contamination by mycotoxins is related to the mycoflora associated with the corn kernels. This paper reports on the identification of internal and external mycoflora of corn kernels harvested in the main production area in Argentina in 1990. A mycological survey was carried out on 178 corn samples, from five locations in that area and the isolation frequency and relative density of the prevalent fungal genera compared. Genus Fusarium was the most prevalent component of the internal seedborne mycoflora in the five locations. Penicillium was prevalent in all locations, taking into account the frequency. However, this genus was predominant only in two locations, when the relative density was considered. The predominant Fusarium was F. moniliforme and the most frequently isolated species of Alternaria, Aspergillus and Penicillium were A. alternata, A flavus and P. decumbens, respectively. Diplodia species were not isolated from any of the samples.

Fusarium ear rot and how to screen for resistance in open pollinated maize in the Andean regions

“…The results of Table 1 agree very well with the observations from other areas in the world (Calvert et al, 1985;Abbas et al, 1988;Logrieco et al, 1993;Arino & Bullerman, 1994;Bullerman & Tsai, 1994;Szecsi, 1994;Gonzalez et al, 1995;Ravaet al, 1996). As in many other areas, F. verticillioides is the most dominant species with F. subglutinans second in importance.…”

“…Some other species, such as F. proliferatum and F. graminearum (G. zeae) are much less frequent, although the latter occurs frequently in NW Europe and N. America. Diplodia zeae and a few other fungi are incidentally involved as well (Calvert et al, 1985;Abbas et al, 1988;Logrieco, et al, 1993;Arino & Bullerman, 1994;Bullerman & Tsai, 1994;Szecsi, 1994;Gonzalez et al, 1995;Rava et al, 1996). All these pathogens have a wide host range; they are generalists (Amoah et al, 1995).…”

AirbornePenicilliumin the grain shops of Nagpur (India)

“…For Penicillium, all colonies showing brush-like structures were considered for microscopic mount and then sub-cultured on CDA and malt extract agar. The isolation frequency (Fr) and relative density (RD) of genus and species were calculated according to Gonzalez et al (1995).…”

Molecular characterization of Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin contamination of wheat grains from Saudi Arabia

“…All the isolates of fungal species were identified up to the species level using keys and manuals (Raper and Fennell, 1965;Domsch et al, 1993). The isolation frequencies of fungal species were calculated according to the method of Gonzalez et al (1995). Identification of fungal isolates was carried out on the basis of morphological and microscopic characteristics at the Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.…”