Mycobacterium vaccae (SRL172) immunotherapy as an adjunct to standard antituberculosis treatment in HIV-infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Mwinga, Alwyn; Nunn, Andrew; Ngwira, Bagrey; Chintu, Chifumbe; Warndorff, D. K.; Fine, Paul V. A.; Darbyshire, Janet; Zumla, Alimuddin

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)11141-x

Cited by 65 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In this study, the rate of protection induced in susceptible BALB/c and resistant C57BL/6 mice following immunization with different doses of either ALM or KLM vaccine (Dlugovitzky et al 2006;Mwinga et al 2002;Waddell et al 2000). M. vaccae is used as an autoclaved preparation while M. bovis BCG is used as an attenuated live organism and as such it is assumed that M. vaccae induces less side effects than M. bovis BCG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other mycobacterial preparations, such as killed Mycobacterium vaccae, induce a Th1 response with less side effects compared to M. bovis BCG (Camporota et al 2003;Grange et al 1995). M. vaccae is a soil organism which was used in clinical trials as a potential immunotherapeutic agent for the treatment of tuberculosis and some other diseases (Assersohn et al 2002;Dlugovitzky et al 2006;Farid et al 1994;Hadley et al 2005;Mendes et al 2002;Mwinga et al 2002). Heat-killed preparation of M. vaccae was used as an adjuvant in mice (Hrouda et al 1998;Ozdemir et al 2003) and in humans (Waddell et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Role of Mycobacterium vaccae in the protection induced by first generation Leishmania vaccine against murine model of leishmaniasis

et al. 2008

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Various Leishmania antigens showed to induce protection when used with IL-12 as an adjuvant in an animal model of leishmaniasis. Limitations in using IL-12 justify searching for an appropriate adjuvant to accelerate induction of a Th1-type immune response and protection. In this study, the role of Mycobacterium vaccae as an adjuvant mixed with either autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM) or freeze-thawed-killed L. major (KLM) in increasing protection in susceptible and resistant mice was studied. Nineteen groups of BALB/c and 19 groups of C57BL/6 mice, ten mice per group, were immunized three times in 45 days interval with different doses of either KLM or ALM alone or mixed with either BCG or different doses of M. vaccae. Immunized groups of mice and PBS-injected control group were challenged with 2 x 10(6) promastigotes of L. major at the base of the tail. The evolution of the lesion was monitored, and the size of the lesion was measured and recorded weekly. Anti-Leishmania total IgG Ab was titrated before and after challenge. The results showed that immunization of either susceptible or resistant mice with KLM or ALM mixed with low dose of M. vaccae increased protection defined by significantly smaller ulcer size in immunized mice compared with the PBS-injected control group.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of Mycobacterium vaccae in the protection induced by first generation Leishmania vaccine against murine model of leishmaniasis

et al. 2008

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“…They recommended applying the immune-treatment with M. vaccae at the beginning of the chemo-treatment, on newly diagnosed patients [49,50]. The clinical trial in Durban [51] that crucified this approach was conducted on newly diagnosed patients under chemotherapy with 4 drugs.…”

Section: Immunotherapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the Triumphant March of TB be Stopped? A Critical Appraisal of the Currently Applied Policy of Eradication

Maes¹

2016

Clin Microbiol

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The fight against TB is organized by International (WHO, International Union of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (UTLD) and National organizations (Ministries of Health). Their strategy is based on a "herd medicine" approach. The vaccine and the massive administration of four drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol and pyrazinamide-with streptomycin eventually added for the resistant cases) worldwide during decennia were expected to solve the TB problem. They did not because the means applied to fight the disease were not appropriate. The BCG vaccine is the only vaccine in use, yet it sometimes promotes TB multiplication instead of eradication; only four drugs were imposed by Standard Operating Procedures during decennia, of which some are immunodepressive and may, under some conditions, add to the immunodepressive activity of the pathogen and favour relapse; the diagnosis limited to the detection of the pathogen ignores the immune condition of the patients under treatment.The prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis can be improved. The BCG vaccine is iatrogenic and needs replacement; diagnostic tests based on the detection of the pathogen have their use but need to be completed with the detection of asymptomatic cases and the monitoring of the immune status of the treated patients with a sero-diagnostic test that detects unapparent infections and immune-depressed cases; the drugs used to fight TB must be re-evaluated and complemented by the application of immune-stimulating products to those refractory patients who show a need therefore. The continuing use of an iatrogenic vaccine and of immunodepressive drugs defeats the purpose.

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“…Development in these areas can be assimilated to development of "therapeutic vaccines" in as much as these TB vaccines will be applied to the already infected host. 66 While the second positioning is clearly yet in pre-clinical stage of development and has shown a wide range of results (from encouraging to totally disappointing), [67][68][69] the first positioning has already been tested to some extent in the clinic with a MVA-based vaccine that has shown protection in a variety of pre-clinical models. 70 The first phase 1 study using this vaccine, a MVA expressing antigen 85A (MVA85A), was performed in healthy volunteers.…”

Section: Mva-based Clinical Efforts In Chronic Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic vaccination to treat chronic infectious diseases

Boukhebza

Bellon

Limacher

et al. 2012

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Mycobacterium vaccae (SRL172) immunotherapy as an adjunct to standard antituberculosis treatment in HIV-infected adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomised placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 65 publications

References 14 publications

Role of Mycobacterium vaccae in the protection induced by first generation Leishmania vaccine against murine model of leishmaniasis

Role of Mycobacterium vaccae in the protection induced by first generation Leishmania vaccine against murine model of leishmaniasis

Can the Triumphant March of TB be Stopped? A Critical Appraisal of the Currently Applied Policy of Eradication

Therapeutic vaccination to treat chronic infectious diseases

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