“…Upregulation of these receptors activates STRING and p38MAPK-NOX2, inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, IL-1b, and ROS), and promotes anti-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-b and IL-10) (Dabla et al, 2022). Mtb effectors such as the early secreted protein target 12 (EST12), the methyltransferase (Rv1515c) encoded by the RD 6, or the dormancy regulator DosS, repress macrophage immune defenses (ROS, RNS, phagolysosomal maturation, proinflammatory response, inflammasome, antigen presentation) by activating the JAK2-STAT5a signaling pathway (Gautam et al, 2019;Yang et al, 2021;Rani et al, 2022;Yao et al, 2022). Mtb escape strategies are becoming increasingly non-negligible, and the aforementioned are recent and far to be exhaustive.…”