Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a HIV-positive patient

Montales, Maria Theresa E.; Beebe, Alexandria; Chaudhury, Arun; Patil, Naveen

doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2015.10.006

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A infecção pelo HIV também pode alterar a patogênese da MTB levando a baciloscopia negativa, manifestações radiográficas atípicas e manifestações extrapulmonares, dificultando o diagnóstico desta doença (3) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Análise Epidemiológica Da Coinfecção Tuberculose/Hiv

et al. 2018

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RESUMO:Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico da coinfecção tuberculose e o vírus da imunodeficiência. Método: estudo descritivo, realizado com levantamento na base de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação no estado do Piauí, no período de 2007 a 2016. A coleta ocorreu por meio de instrumento contendo características sociodemográficas e relacionadas à coinfecção Tuberculose/vírus da imunodeficiência. Realizouse análise descritiva simples. Resultados: A prevalência da coinfecção tuberculose e vírus da imunodeficiência foi de 6,1% pacientes (n=619). Os dados mostram a predominância de indivíduos do sexo masculino (n=467/ 75,4%), adultos com faixa etária entre 20 a 49 anos (n=492/ 79,5%) e pardos (n=457/ 73,8%). A forma clínica da tuberculose mais encontrada foi a pulmonar com n=412 (66,6%) casos. O percentual de cura dos destes pacientes foi de 60,8%. Conclusão: Os resultados apontaram uma alta prevalência dessa coinfecção e uma elevada detecção da infecção do vírus da imunodeficiência em pacientes com tuberculose. DESCRITORES: Tuberculose; HIV; Prevalência; Epidemiologia; Coinfecção. ANÁLISIS EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DE LA COINFECCIÓN TUBERCULOSIS/VIH RESUMEN: Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico de la coinfección por la tuberculosis y el virus de la inmunodeficiencia. Método: estudio descriptivo con búsqueda en la base de datos del Sistema de Información de Agravios de Notificación en el estado de Piauí, en el período de 2007 a 2016. Los datos fueron recolectados mediante instrumento con características sociodemográficas y relacionadas a la coinfección Tuberculosis/virus de la inmunodeficiencia. Fue aplicado análisis descriptivo simple. Resultados: La prevalencia de la coinfección tuberculosis y virus de la inmunodeficiencia correspondió al 6,1% de los pacientes (n=619). Los datos muestran la predominancia de individuos del sexo masculino (n=467/75,4%), adultos con rango de edad entre 20 y 49 años (n=492/ 79,5%) y pardos (n=457/73,8%). La forma clínica de la tuberculosis más encontrada fue la pulmonar con n=412 (66,6%) casos. El porcentaje de cura de estos pacientes fue del 60,8%. Conclusión: Los resultados indicaron alta prevalencia de esa coinfección y alta detección de la coinfección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia en pacientes con tuberculosis.

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Análise Epidemiológica Da Coinfecção Tuberculose/Hiv

et al. 2018

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“…Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) coinfection in patients pre-infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and/or with full-blown acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is an emergent pandemic ( 1 – 3 ). Due to increased recognition of the morbidity and mortality associated with this coinfection, the World Health Organization (WHO) recommends aggressive approaches for MTB screening during primary visits related to HIV screening and treatment ( 2 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV-Associated TB Syndemic: A Growing Clinical Challenge Worldwide

Montales

Chaudhury

Beebe

et al. 2015

Front. Public Health

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The association of tuberculosis (TB) with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome over the past several years has become an emerging syndemic. Approximately 10% of people living with HIV (PLHIV) with latent TB infection will develop active TB disease each year. In this review, we highlight that this phenomenon is not limited to high endemic regions, such as Afro-Asian nations, but globalization/migration is causing increased case detection even in developed nations, such as the United States. Active screening should be performed for TB in PLHIV. A high degree of clinical suspicion for TB is warranted in PLHIV presenting with fever, cough, and unintentional weight loss. HIV–Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) coinfection is often paucibacillary, precluding diagnosis by conventional diagnostics and/or smear microscopy/culture. Improved detection of pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB is now possible by incorporation of the GeneXPERT MTB/RIF assay (Cepheid Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA). The World Health Organization recommends instituting immediate therapy for MTB, in conjunction with ongoing or newly introduced anti-retroviral therapy. Vigilance is required to detect drug-induced organ injuries, and early-treatment-induced immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Collaborating MTB and HIV activities in concentrated HIV epidemic settings should become a high public health priority.

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“…In people with HIV, the number and function of CD4 cells decrease progressively, as well as disruption in the function of macrophages and monocytes. The CD4 and macrophages are components that have a major role 13,15,[19][20][21] in the body's defense against mycobacteria.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Profile of Rapid Molecular Test of Tuberculosis Using Xpert MTB/RIF

Faraid¹,

Handayani²,

Esa³

2020

Indonesian J. Clin. Pathol. Med. Lab.

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Tuberculosis (TB) ranked the 10th highest cause of death in the world in 2016 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). To date, TB remains a top priority and is one of the goals in Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs), suggesting an urgent need of rapid detection methods for proper diagnosis and treatment. Rapid molecular test using Xpert MTB/RIF is one of the detection methods for TB diagnosis and it is expected to be able to early detect TB cases and anti-tuberculosis drug resistance. The purpose of this study was to determine the profile of rapid molecular test of tuberculosis using Xpert MTB/RIF device in the period of September 2017-August 2018 at Dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Hospital, Makassar. This study was retrospective research with a cross-sectional method using secondary data of rapid molecular test of Xpert MTB/RIF in the period of September 2017-August 2018. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 22 and Chi-Square test with a significance value of 0.05. From 527 sputum samples, 96.8% adult TB was predominantly found. The "MTB not detected", “MTB detected”, and “MTB detected with Rif resistance” result was predominantly found in the 74.6% TB non-HIV group; 42.4% TB-HIV group, and 3.8% Non-HIV TB group. There were remarkably higher number of “MTB not detected” results of rapid molecular tests using Xpert MTB/RIF device in the group of pediatric and adult TB. The proportion of "MTB not detected" was higher in the TB-Non-HIV group; while the "MTB detected, Rif-sensitive" was higher in the TB-HIV group and the "MTB detected, Rif-resistance" was higher in the TB-Non-HIV group. It was recommended to carry out further research by performing diagnostic tests consisting of Acid-Fast Bacilli, rapid molecular test with Xpert MTB/RIF, and MTB culture.

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Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a HIV-positive patient

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

Análise Epidemiológica Da Coinfecção Tuberculose/Hiv

Análise Epidemiológica Da Coinfecção Tuberculose/Hiv

HIV-Associated TB Syndemic: A Growing Clinical Challenge Worldwide

Profile of Rapid Molecular Test of Tuberculosis Using Xpert MTB/RIF

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