Mycobacterium salmoniphilum infection in burbot Lota lota

Abstract

Burbot Lota lota sampled from lakes Mjosa and Losna in southeastern Norway between 2005 and 2008 were found to be infected with Mycobacterium salmoniphilum at a culture-positive prevalence of 18.6 and 3.3%, respectively. The condition factor (CF) of mycobacteria-affected fish sampled from Mjøsa in 2008 was lower than the average CF of total sampled fish the same year. Externally visible pathological changes included skin ulceration, petechiae, exopthalmia and cataract. Internally, the infections were associated with capsulated, centrally necrotic granulomas, containing large numbers of acid-fast bacilli, found mainly in the mesenteries, spleen, heart and swim bladder. Mycobacterial isolates recovered on Middlebrook 7H10 agar were confirmed as M. salmoniphilum by phenotypical investigation and by partial sequencing of the 16S rRNA, rpoB and Hsp65genes as well as the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1) locus. This study adds burbot to the list of fish species susceptible to piscine mycobacteriosis and describes M. salmoniphilum infection in a non-salmonid fish for the first time.

A sequential study of incomplete Freund’s adjuvant-induced peritonitis in Atlantic cod

“…Granulomas with a distinctly layered architecture, as seen in the present study were similar to chronic bacterial granulomas previously described in gadiformes such as Atlantic cod [5e7] and burbot [8] and chronic oil-adjuvanted vaccine-induced [9] and mycobacterial [10] granulomas in perciforme fish. A similar distinct stratification has not been is not reported in vaccinated Atlantic salmon [22,24].…”

Microbiological Features and Clinical Relevance of New Species of the Genus Mycobacterium

“…salmoniphilum is pathogenic for salmonid fish (67)(68)(69)(70)(71), with the disease affecting predominantly the kidneys. It has also been isolated from tap water (48) but never from human specimens.…”

Detection of Mycobacterium marinum, M. peregrinum, M. fortuitum and M. abscessus in aquarium fish

“…Other species known to cause mycobacterial infections in fish include M. abscessus , M. chesapeaki , M . flavescens , M. gordonae , M. haemophilum , M. kansasii , M. monteforense , M. neoaurum , M. peregrinum , M. salmoniphilum , M. scrofulaceum , M. simiae , M. shottsii and M. terrae (Beran, Matlova, Dvorska, Svastova, & Pavlik, ; Chang et al., ; Guz et al., ; Levi et al., ; Marumo et al., ; Pate, Jencic, Zolnir‐Dovc, & Ocepek, ; Řehulka, Kaustová, & Řehulková, 2006; Rhodes et al., ; Whipps, Dougan, & Kent, ; Zanoni, Florio, Fioravanti, Rossi, & Prearo, 2008; Zerihun, Berg, Lyche, Colquhoun, & Poppe, ). The zoonotic nature of mycobacteriosis and massive economic losses in the aquaculture industry highlight the need for rapid identification and treatment of mycobacterial infections (Shukla, Shukla, Sharma, & Kumar, ; Szmygin‐Milanowska et al., ).…”

“…Fish mycobacteriosis is a granulomatous disease occurring in aquarium and cultured food fish. The most important species causing mycobacteriosis in fish are non-tuberculous mycobacteria, that is M. chelonae, M. fortuitum and M. marinum (Ross, & Brancato, 1959;Decostere, Hermans, & Haesebrouck, 2004;Han et al, 2013;Kent et al, 2004;Lescenko et al, 2003;Najiah, Lee, Noorasikin, Nadirah, & Lee, 2011;Novotny et al, 2010;Sevim, Ozer, & Rad, 2015;Slany, Makovcova, Jezek, Bodnarova, & Pavlik, 2014) (Beran, Matlova, Dvorska, Svastova, & Pavlik, 2006;Chang et al, 2006;Guz et al, 2013;Levi et al, 2003;Marumo et al, 2010;Pate, Jencic, Zolnir-Dovc, & Ocepek, 2005;Rehulka, Kaustov a, & Rehulkov a, 2006;Rhodes et al, 2003;Whipps, Dougan, & Kent, 2007;Zanoni, Florio, Fioravanti, Rossi, & Prearo, 2008;Zerihun, Berg, Lyche, Colquhoun, & Poppe, 2011). The zoonotic nature of mycobacteriosis and massive economic losses in the aquaculture industry highlight the need for rapid identification and treatment of mycobacterial infections (Shukla, Shukla, Sharma, & Kumar, 2014;Szmygin-Milanowska et al, 2016).…”