Mycobacterium paratuberculosis DNA not detected in Crohn's disease tissue by fluorescent polymerase chain reaction.

Abstract

The role of mycobacteria in the aetiology

Peripheral cell-mediated immune response to mycobacterial antigens in inflammatory bowel disease

“…paratubercuhsis from patients with CD [10] sparked renewed interest in this organism in relation to CD. However, detection of mycobacterial DNA in CD tissue by amplification using Ihe polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has produced conflicting results [11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Absence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in the microdissected granulomas of Crohn's disease

“…4,6,7,9,15,16,19 Other authors have found a variable number of cases, up to 100%, to harbor the organism. 1,3,5,8,[10][11][12][13][14]18 Several reasons may be responsible for the variability in these results.…”

“…3,7,8,[10][11][12][13][14] Thus, the finding of MAP DNA in Crohn's disease, including in paraffin-embedded resection specimens, 1,12 still leaves unanswered the question of whether the organism may be environmentally acquired and nonspecifically present. MAP has been cultured from municipal water supplies 11 and pasteurized milk, 25,26 suggesting that it may be ubiquitously present in the environment.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] However, if MAP and Crohn's disease are etiologically related, then intuitively the granulomas that are characteristic of the latter should harbor the organism. Indeed, some authors have associated the ability to identify MAP DNA with the presence of granulomas, 1,2 while others have not.…”

The Gut Microbiota as Target for Innovative Drug Development: Perspectives and a Case Study of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

“…One of the theories states that the pathogen Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent for IBD. However, studies based on the detection of MAP by PCR or ELISA in blood samples or biopsies have shown conflicting results (Autschbach et al, 2005;Baksh et al, 2004;Bentley et al, 2008;Clancy et al, 2007;Rowbotham et al, 1995;Wu et al, 1991). More recently, a newly defined E. coli pathovar, adherent-invasive E. coli (AIEC) was found to be highly associated with ileal mucosa of CD patients (Darfeuille-Michaud et al, 2004).…”