Mycobacterium kumamotonense in the cervical region in an immunocompetent patient, clinical case report in Mexico

Abstract

Non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection has increased significantly in recent years, especially in emerging countries. We present the case of a 25-year-old male patient, immunocompetent, with cervical lymphadenopathy, identifying Mycobacterium kumamotonense, a rare species in extrapulmonary forms and with a high drug resistance index.

A case of novel, rapidly-growing Mycolicibacter kumamotonensis infection in a patient with severe pulmonary disease treated in New York City

“…Extensive evaluation was performed prior to surgery, at which time AFB smears from tracheal aspirate and BAL specimens were both negative, but growth of NTM was observed in culture. While previous clinical reports of M. kumamotonensis have documented culture incubation times of more than 2 weeks [ 11 , 22 ], the isolates in this case were recovered within 4–6 days of culture incubation in a patient with severe pulmonary infection.…”

“…Misidentification of M. kumamotonensis as TB has been reported in pulmonary and extra-pulmonary infections [ 11 , 14 , 18 , 22 ], which was attributed to similar clinical manifestations and cross-reactivity of commercial molecular probes, factors that have also been associated with misdiagnosis of a wide variety of other NTM as TB [ 4 , 12 ]. Previous studies have also shown identification of M. kumamotonensis in clinical samples from patients with suspected tuberculosis [ 7 , 10 , 13 ].…”

“…The geographic diversity of pulmonary NTM has been analyzed worldwide [ 6 ], and previous authors have characterized the distribution of M. kumamotonensis across multiple countries and regions [ 5 , 16 ]. Isolation of M. kumamotonensis has been reported in Japan [ 8 , 15 ], Mexico 22 , Greece [ 11 , 14 ], China 13 , Tanzania [ 7 ], Zambia [ 16 ], Korea [ 10 ], Turkey [ 5 ], Italy 23 , and Spain [ 18 ]. This case is the first reported in the US.…”

A rare infective cause for recurrent exacerbations and poor asthma control – Mycobacterium kumamotonense

“…An increasing number of NTM isolates are being identified in UK clinical practice with many uncertainties around the management of pulmonary diseases caused by these bacteria. 6 NTM are a group of environmental bacteria commonly isolated from soil, water, animals and food products, meaning we all come into daily contact with them in our lives. The identification of NTM species has been enhanced over the past few years with the introduction of molecular biology techniques.…”

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis: a public health problem

“…It often presents unilaterally, single or multiple, and is mainly located in axillary, thoracic, and abdominal lymph nodes. It can present with necrosis, fluctuate, produce ulcers, fistulas in 10% of cases, and discharge caseous material to the outside (scrofula) 26,27 .…”