Mycobacterium bovis Persistence in Two Different Captive Wild Animal Populations in Germany: a Longitudinal Molecular Epidemiological Study Revealing Pathogen Transmission by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Kohl, Thomas A.; Utpatel, Christian; Niemann, Stefan; Moser, Irmgard

doi:10.1128/jcm.00302-18

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The outbreak as the previous one in Bieszczady mountains was connected to Mycobacterium caprae [31,35]. Reports of tuberculosis in captive European bison caused by M. bovis in German and Brazilian zoos underline the need for control in the species being important bTB reservoir worldwide [55][56][57].…”

Section: Percentage Of European Bison With Individual Pathological Chmentioning

confidence: 90%

Infectious Disease Monitoring of European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Larska¹,

Krzysiak²

2019

Wildlife Population Monitoring

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In 2019, the 90th anniversary of the restitution of European bison (wisent) will be celebrated. Therefore, the chapter discusses the past, present, and future health threats of the Bison bonasus species that was on the edge of world extinction at the beginning of the twentieth century and was restituted with great efforts from many researchers, breeders, forestry workers, and caretakers. Due to the dramatic genetic "bottleneck" that depleted the gene pool, increasing the inbred of today's European bison, the breeding may face problems of decreased fertility, deficiency in growth, and increased susceptibility to diseases. While the increasing numbers of European bison may be enjoyed by breeders, the suitable habitat for the largest herbivore in Europe shrinks with increasing human population density, forestry, and agricultural activity. Additional threats include inappropriate management based on animal farming rather than sylvatic ecosystems, need for supplementary winter feeding, and establishment of breeding of related species such as American bison (Bison bison) in Europe. The control of European bison exposure to pathogens through passive and active surveillance is a key component of the species conservation. Hereby, the current knowledge on the epidemiology of the most significant infectious diseases in European bison is presented.

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Section: Percentage Of European Bison With Individual Pathological Chmentioning

confidence: 90%

Infectious Disease Monitoring of European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Larska¹,

Krzysiak²

2019

Wildlife Population Monitoring

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“…Since the whole-genome sequence of the first M. bovis strain became available in 2003 (Garnier et al, 2003), increasing efforts have been made to sequence additional strains and use whole-genome information to tackle bovine and/or wildlife TB transmission within specific outbreaks or countries (Bruning-Fann et al, 2017;Sandoval-Azuara et al, 2017;Ghebremariam et al, 2018;Kohl et al, 2018;Lasserre et al, 2018;Orloski et al, 2018;Price-Carter et al, 2018;Razo et al, 2018). However, no studies to date have comprehensively analyzed M. bovis genomes at a global scale to provide insights into its populational structure and evolution based on whole-genome information.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Distribution and Evolution of Mycobacterium bovis Lineages

et al. 2020

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Mycobacterium bovis is the main causative agent of zoonotic tuberculosis in humans and frequently devastates livestock and wildlife worldwide. Previous studies suggested the existence of genetic groups of M. bovis strains based on limited DNA markers (a.k.a. clonal complexes), and the evolution and ecology of this pathogen has been only marginally explored at the global level. We have screened over 2,600 publicly available M. bovis genomes and newly sequenced four wildlife M. bovis strains, gathering 1,969 genomes from 23 countries and at least 24 host species, including humans, to complete a phylogenomic analyses. We propose the existence of four distinct global lineages of M. bovis (Lb1, Lb2, Lb3, and Lb4) underlying the current disease distribution. These lineages are not fully represented by clonal complexes and are dispersed based on geographic location rather than host species. Our data divergence analysis agreed with previous studies reporting independent archeological data of ancient M. bovis (South Siberian infected skeletons at ∼2,000 years before present) and indicates that extant M. bovis originated between 715 and 3,556 years BP, with later emergence in the New World and Oceania, likely influenced by trades among countries.

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“…Whole-genome sequencing of M. bovis has been used to track transmission within and between cattle and wildlife populations [21,[33][34][35][36][37]. These studies have demonstrated that genomics adds unprecedented resolution, in comparison to previous molecular-typing technologies, in many cases distinguishing infection between individual animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterium bovis genomics reveals transmission of infection between cattle and deer in Ireland

Crispell

Cassidy

Kenny³

et al. 2020

Microbial Genomics

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Control of bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis , in the Republic of Ireland costs €84 million each year. Badgers are recognized as being a wildlife source for M. bovis infection of cattle. Deer are thought to act as spillover hosts for infection; however, population density is recognized as an important driver in shifting their epidemiological role, and deer populations across the country have been increasing in density and range. County Wicklow represents one specific area in the Republic of Ireland with a high density of deer that has had consistently high bTB prevalence for over a decade, despite control operations in both cattle and badgers. Our research used whole-genome sequencing of M. bovis sourced from infected cattle, deer and badgers in County Wicklow to evaluate whether the epidemiological role of deer could have shifted from spillover host to source. Our analyses reveal that cattle and deer share highly similar M. bovis strains, suggesting that transmission between these species is occurring in the area. In addition, the high level of diversity observed in the sampled deer population suggests deer may be acting as a source of infection for local cattle populations. These findings have important implications for the control and ultimate eradication of bTB in Ireland.

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Mycobacterium bovis Persistence in Two Different Captive Wild Animal Populations in Germany: a Longitudinal Molecular Epidemiological Study Revealing Pathogen Transmission by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Cited by 15 publications

References 45 publications

Infectious Disease Monitoring of European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Infectious Disease Monitoring of European Bison (Bison bonasus)

Global Distribution and Evolution of Mycobacterium bovis Lineages

Mycobacterium bovis genomics reveals transmission of infection between cattle and deer in Ireland

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