Mycobacterium agri Skin Infection in a Previously Healthy Patient: A Case Study

Xu, Chengan; Wu, Wenhao; Pan, Heng; Hui, Tian-Chen; Wu, Qingqing; Zhou, Zhewen; Wang, Shouhao; Zheng, Wei; Yi, Qiaoqiao; Pan, Hongying

doi:10.2147/idr.s322717

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Potentially all NTM species can cause skin infections; however, for the slow growing mycobacterium (SGM) M. marinum , the skin is the typical site of infection, and the rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) M. fortuitum , M. abscessus and M. chelonae may also give cutaneous disease. MAC complex [ 44 ] and less pathogenic NTM may also determine SSTIs, as reported for M. haemophilum [ 7 , 45 , 46 ], M. gordonae [ 47 ] and M. agri [ 48 ].…”

Section: Mycobacterial Skin Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterial skin infection

Giannotti

Gregori

Matteelli

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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Purpose of review The aim of this article is to review the most recent evidences concerning mycobacterial skin infections, limiting the period of literature research to 2020--2021. Recent findings Mycobacterial skin infections include a heterogeneous group of cutaneous diseases. Cutaneous tuberculosis is usually the result of hematogenous dissemination or spread from underlying foci and it must be distinguished from tuberculids, resulting from the immunological reaction to Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens. Leprosy prevalence was drastically reduced after introduction of multidrug therapy in the 1980 s, but cases are still reported due to underdiagnosis, and animal and environmental reservoirs. Recent advances concentrate in the diagnostic field. Specific guidelines for the treatment of nontuberculous mycobacteria skin infections are missing and surgical procedures may be required. Prognosis is better as compared to nontuberculous mycobacteria lung disease. Rapid laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of Buruli ulcer may be achieved by the IS2404 PCR. Among new drugs, telacebec is promising in terms of potency, shorter duration and tolerability in animal studies. A clinical trial in humans is planned. Summary Mycobacterial cutaneous lesions are nonpathognomonic and clinical suspicion must be confirmed by culture or molecular detection. Long-course multidrug treatment is required based on susceptibility tests. Surgical intervention may also be required. Rehabilitation and psychosocial support reduce long-term physical and mental consequences mostly in Buruli ulcer and leprosy.

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Section: Mycobacterial Skin Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mycobacterial skin infection

Giannotti

Gregori

Matteelli

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases

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“… 3 At present, there are only a few reports of cosmetics-related NTM infection in China, and the incidence of cosmetics-induced NTM infection in China is unclear. 4 , 5 Herein, we report two patients with M. smegmatis infection associated with cosmetic procedures/injections to raise medical providers’ awareness. To our knowledge, only one case of M. smegmatis infection related to cosmetic procedures has been reported in China.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Mycobacterium smegmatis Skin Infection Following Cosmetic Procedures: Report of Two Cases

Wang¹,

Song²,

Li³

et al. 2022

CCID

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Mycobacterium smegmatis is an acid-fast bacillus of rapidly growing mycobacteria (RGM) of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). M. smegmatis was considered nonpathogenic to humans until 1986, when the first patient was linked to the infection. To date, fewer than 100 cases have been reported in the literature, mainly related to various surgical procedures. Herein, we report two immunocompetent patients who acquired M. smegmatis infection following cosmetic procedures. Due to the rarity of M. smegmatis infection in routine clinical practice, it is challenging for medical providers to diagnose and treat patients with M. smegmatis infection. M. smegmatis infection should be considered for patients with chronic skin and soft tissue infections at the injection site or surgical site following cosmetic procedures. Histological findings, pathogen identification by molecular testing or bacterial culture are required to make a definitive diagnosis. Medical providers should raise awareness of M. smegmatis infection for patients with chronic skin and soft tissue infections after cosmetic procedures. Stringent sterile procedures for surgical instruments, supplies, and environments should be enforced.

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A nontuberculous mycobacterium could solve the mystery of the lady from the Franciscan church in Basel, Switzerland

et al. 2023

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Background In 1975, the mummified body of a female has been found in the Franciscan church in Basel, Switzerland. Molecular and genealogic analyses unveiled her identity as Anna Catharina Bischoff (ACB), a member of the upper class of post-reformed Basel, who died at the age of 68 years, in 1787. The reason behind her death is still a mystery, especially that toxicological analyses revealed high levels of mercury, a common treatment against infections at that time, in different body organs. The computed tomography (CT) and histological analysis showed bone lesions in the femurs, the rib cage, and the skull, which refers to a potential syphilis case. Results Although we could not detect any molecular signs of the syphilis-causing pathogen Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, we realized high prevalence of a nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) species in brain tissue sample. The genome analysis of this NTM displayed richness of virulence genes and toxins, and similarity to other infectious NTM, known to infect immunocompromised patients. In addition, it displayed potential resistance to mercury compounds, which might indicate a selective advantage against the applied treatment. This suggests that ACB might have suffered from an atypical mycobacteriosis during her life, which could explain the mummy’s bone lesion and high mercury concentrations. Conclusions The study of this mummy exemplifies the importance of employing differential diagnostic approaches in paleopathological analysis, by combining classical anthropological, radiological, histological, and toxicological observations with molecular analysis. It represents a proof-of-concept for the discovery of not-yet-described ancient pathogens in well-preserved specimens, using de novo metagenomic assembly.

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Mycobacterium agri Skin Infection in a Previously Healthy Patient: A Case Study

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

Mycobacterial skin infection

Mycobacterial skin infection

Mycobacterium smegmatis Skin Infection Following Cosmetic Procedures: Report of Two Cases

A nontuberculous mycobacterium could solve the mystery of the lady from the Franciscan church in Basel, Switzerland

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