Mycobacterial Disease: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

Isolated Cervical Tuberculosis in Patients with HIV Infection

“…As a result, tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection is unique in its incidence, presentation, distribution, and course 13 . Tuberculosis infection develops in 8% to 21% of patients with AIDS, making the incidence 500 times greater than that in the general population 14 – 16 . Although patients infected with HIV have an increase in both primary and reactivation tuberculosis, reactivation disease predominates.…”

“…13 Tuberculosis infection develops in 8% to 21% of patients with AIDS, making the incidence 500 times greater than that in the general population. [14][15][16] Although patients infected with HIV have an increase in both primary and reactivation tuberculosis, reactivation disease predominates. Overall, the rate of reactivation tuberculosis is 8% per year in patients infected with HIV, in comparison with a lifetime risk of 10% in HIV-negative patients.…”

Tuberculosis en pacientes infectados con el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (HIV): ¿la cuarta epidemia?

“…Se estima que desde el inicio de la epidemia del SIDA hasta finales de 1992, se habían presentado en el mundo 4.4 millones de casos de pacientes coinfectados con HIV-TB y que el crecimiento de este problema será de medio millón de casos para el año 1995 y cerca de un millón para el año 2000. La incidencia de TB en pacientes HIV (+) es 500 veces mayor que en la población general (5). El riesgo que tienen las personas infectadas por ambos patógenos de progresar a TB activa es del 8% en promedio por año, comparado con el 0.2% en promedio por año de las personas infectadas únicamente con M. tuberculosis (1).…”

The Management of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

“…A rise in the proportion of TB at extrapulmonary sites has not only been seen in the United Kingdom (1) but also in other developed countries. In the United States in 1964, 8% of reported TB was extrapulmonary, which increased to 15% in 1981 and 17.5% in 1986 (4,5). A rise in extrapulmonary TB has also been reported in Hong Kong (6) from 1.2% in 1967 to 6.6% in 1990.…”