Mycoavidus cysteinexigens gen. nov., sp. nov., an endohyphal bacterium isolated from a soil isolate of the fungus Mortierella elongata

Ohshima, Shoko; Sato, Yoshinori; Fujimura, Reiko; Takashima, Yusuke; Hamada, Moriyuki; Nishizawa, Tomoyasu; Narisawa, Kazuhiko; Ohta, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1099/ijsem.0.000990

Cited by 66 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Recently, an isolate of Mortierella elongata from Japan was found to host betaproteobacteria (Sato et al, 2010). Through media supplementation this bacterium was isolated and described as Mycoavidus cysteinexigens FMR23-6 I-B1 (Ohshima et al, 2016). Together with Candidatus Glomeribacter, Mycoavidus endosymbionts form a monophyletic lineage that are sister clade to the genus Burkholderia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of Mortierella elongata and its bacterial endosymbiont Mycoavidus cysteinexigens

Uehling

Gryganskyi²,

Hameed

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

157

183

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Endosymbiosis of bacteria by eukaryotes is a defining feature of cellular evolution. In addition to well-known bacterial origins for mitochondria and chloroplasts, multiple origins of bacterial endosymbiosis are known within the cells of diverse animals, plants and fungi. Early-diverging lineages of terrestrial fungi harbor endosymbiotic bacteria belonging to the Burkholderiaceae. We sequenced the metagenome of the soil-inhabiting fungus Mortierella elongata and assembled the complete circular chromosome of its endosymbiont, Mycoavidus cysteinexigens, which we place within a lineage of endofungal symbionts that are sister clade to Burkholderia. The genome of M. elongata strain AG77 features a core set of primary metabolic pathways for degradation of simple carbohydrates and lipid biosynthesis, while the M. cysteinexigens (AG77) genome is reduced in size and function. Experiments using antibiotics to cure the endobacterium from the host demonstrate that the fungal host metabolism is highly modulated by presence/absence of M. cysteinexigens. Independent comparative phylogenomic analyses of fungal and bacterial genomes are consistent with an ancient origin for M. elongata - M. cysteinexigens symbiosis, most likely over 350 million years ago and concomitant with the terrestrialization of Earth and diversification of land fungi and plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative genomics of Mortierella elongata and its bacterial endosymbiont Mycoavidus cysteinexigens

Uehling

Gryganskyi²,

Hameed

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

157

183

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“…Betaproteobacteria found in early diverging fungi had been reported in Gigasporaceae (Bianciotto et al, 1996;Desir o et al, 2014;Toomer et al, 2015), in Rhizopus microsporus (Mucoromycotina) (Partida-Martinez and Hertweck, 2005), as well as in Mortierella elongata (Sato et al, 2010) and Mortierella alpina (Kai et al, 2012). Four endobacterial species have been defined: Candidatus Glomeribacter gigasporarum (CaGg) associated with Gigaspora margarita (Bianciotto et al, 2003), Burkholderia rhizoxinica (Br) and Burkholderia endofungorum (Be) associated with R. microsporus (Partida-Martinez et al, 2007a), and Mycoavidus cysteinexigens (Mc) associated with M. elongata (Ohshima et al, 2016) In contrast to MRE, Betaproteobacteria in early diverging fungi are somewhat less frequent and abundant within fungal cells. CaGg has been found in 11 out of 13 (84%) isolates of Gigaspora margarita (Desir o et al, 2014) and in 31 out of 59 (52%) members of the Gigasporaceae (Toomer et al, 2015).…”

Section: Evidence 1: Fungi Contain Diverse and Abundant Microbiotamentioning

confidence: 99%

The fungal holobiont: Evidence from early diverging fungi

Partida‐Martínez

2017

Environmental Microbiology

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“…In this study, we observed that nitrogen limitation significantly increased the population of the endobacterium Mycoavidus sp. in the root‐associated fungus Mortierella elongata strain AG‐77 (Gottel et al ., ; Shakya et al ., ; Ohshima et al ., ) (Uehling et al ., Under Review of Environmental Microbiology ). This allowed for a comprehensive proteomics study of an active endobacterium within a fungal host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics suggests symbiotic metabolism and multimodal regulation in a fungal‐endobacterial system

Yao

Dearth

et al. 2017

Environmental Microbiology

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Many plant-associated fungi host endosymbiotic endobacteria with reduced genomes. While endobacteria play important roles in these tri-partite plant-fungal-endobacterial systems, the active physiology of fungal endobacteria has not been characterized extensively by systems biology approaches. Here, we use integrated proteomics and metabolomics to characterize the relationship between the endobacterium Mycoavidus sp. and the root-associated fungus Mortierella elongata. In nitrogen-poor media, M. elongata had decreased growth but hosted a large and growing endobacterial population. The active endobacterium likely extracted malate from the fungal host as the primary carbon substrate for energy production and biosynthesis of phospho-sugars, nucleobases, peptidoglycan and some amino acids. The endobacterium obtained nitrogen by importing a variety of nitrogen-containing compounds. Further, nitrogen limitation significantly perturbed the carbon and nitrogen flows in the fungal metabolic network. M. elongata regulated many pathways by concordant changes on enzyme abundances, post-translational modifications, reactant concentrations and allosteric effectors. Such multimodal regulations may be a general mechanism for metabolic modulation.

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Mycoavidus cysteinexigens gen. nov., sp. nov., an endohyphal bacterium isolated from a soil isolate of the fungus Mortierella elongata

Cited by 66 publications

References 40 publications

Comparative genomics of Mortierella elongata and its bacterial endosymbiont Mycoavidus cysteinexigens

Comparative genomics of Mortierella elongata and its bacterial endosymbiont Mycoavidus cysteinexigens

The fungal holobiont: Evidence from early diverging fungi

Integrated proteomics and metabolomics suggests symbiotic metabolism and multimodal regulation in a fungal‐endobacterial system

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