Mycetozoans

Spiegel, Frederick W.; Stephenson, Steven L.; Keller, Harold W.; MOORE, DONNA L.; CAVENDER, JAMES C.

doi:10.1016/b978-012509551-8/50028-3

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…In the laboratory, within 3 months of collection, samples were cut into small pieces, wetted with sterile water, and plated in lines on minimal nutrient agar (0.002 g malt extract, 0.002 g yeast extract, 0.75 g K2HPO4, 15.0 g Difco Bacto Agar, 1.0 L deionized [DI] H2O) as described by Spiegel et al (2004), yielding 6,533 lines of substrate that were examined in 1,175 plates. Lines of substrate consisted of approximately 2cm x 0.5cm wetted strips of dead plant matter gently pressed to the surface of the agar (see supplementary figure 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Ecological distribution of protosteloid amoebae in New Zealand (v0.1)"

Lear¹

2014

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samples of aerial litter (dead but still attached plant parts) and ground litter (dead plant material on the ground) were collected from 81 study sites representing a wide range of latitudes (34° S to 50° S) and a variety of different types of habitats throughout New Zealand (including Stewart Island and the Auckland Islands). The objective was to survey the assemblages of protosteloid amoebae present in this region of the world. Twenty-nine described species of protosteloid amoebae were recorded by making morphological identifications of protosteloid amoebae fruiting bodies on cultured substrates. Of the species observed, Protostelium mycophaga was by far the most abundant and was found in more than half of all samples. Most species were found in fewer than 10% of the samples collected. Seven abundant or common species were found to display significantly increased likelihood for detection in aerial litter or ground litter microhabitats. There was some evidence of a general correlation between environmental factors -annual precipitation, elevation, and distance from the equator (latitude) -and the abundance and richness of protosteloid amoebae. An increase in each of these three factors correlated with a decrease in both abundance and richness. This study provides a thorough survey of the protosteloid amoebae present in New Zealand and adds to a growing body of evidence which suggests several correlations between their broad distributional patterns and environmental factors.PeerJ reviewing PDF |

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Ecological distribution of protosteloid amoebae in New Zealand (v0.1)"

Lear¹

2014

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“…One isolate, HI09‐40B, was found on bark and could not be established into a continuous culture. Although Acrasis is often thought of as occurring on dead primary tissues on standing plants, it is not uncommon to find it on the bark of living trees (Spiegel et al 2004). Also, other researchers have noted difficulties in establishing cultures of Acrasis found on tree bark (Olive 1975; Spiegel et al 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although Acrasis is often thought of as occurring on dead primary tissues on standing plants, it is not uncommon to find it on the bark of living trees (Spiegel et al 2004). Also, other researchers have noted difficulties in establishing cultures of Acrasis found on tree bark (Olive 1975; Spiegel et al 2004). Therefore, spores were isolated onto agar culture slides and photographed to provide voucher micrographs of both spores and germinated amoebae and DNA was isolated from spores picked from fruiting bodies found on the primary isolation plate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Morphologically Simple Species of Acrasis (Heterolobosea, Excavata), Acrasis helenhemmesae n. sp.

Brown

Silberman

Spiegel

2010

J Eukaryotic Microbiology

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In the course of a large-scale global survey of mycetozoans, amoeboid organisms that form fruiting bodies, a new species of Acrasis was discovered from several subtropical locales in Hawaii, Australia, Bermuda, and South Africa. We isolated four strains from dead, still attached, plant material, and one strain from attached bark of a tree. Each isolate forms simple uniseriate multicellular fruiting bodies typically consisting of two bottle-shaped, basal stalk cells and a chain of <20 spores. The isolate from Bermuda often forms dichotomous simple branches, each consisting of <10 spores. Amoebae from these new isolates are limax with eruptive pseudopodial formation and display rapid locomotion-characters indicative of amoebae in the excavate taxon Heterolobosea. These isolates form simpler fruiting bodies than is typical of the well-known Acrasis rosea. Although in the original description, A. rosea is known to form uniseriate fruiting bodies similar to our isolates, A. rosea isolates typically form more complex fruiting structures along side simple ones, but never strictly simple ones. Nuclear-encoded 18S rRNA gene phylogenies demonstrate that our five isolates form a highly supported clade that is sister to A. rosea. Given the differences both in gene sequences and fruiting body morphology between our isolates and A. rosea, we propose the new species, Acrasis helenhemmesae n. sp.

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“…The myxomycetes are the most species-rich group of eumycetozoans (ca. 800 species recognized, Lado 2001), with some of the protostelids as possible ancestors (37 described taxa, Spiegel et al 2004) and dictyostelids (ca 100 taxa ;Cavender 1990, Swanson et al 1999 as a sister group. The few species of acrasids seem to be members of the Heterolobosa, a group phylogenetically distant from the eumycetozoans (Roger et al 1996, Baldauf 2003.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Species richness and ecological characterization of myxomycetes and myxomycete-like organisms in the canopy of a temperate deciduous forest

2006

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The ecological community of myxomycetes and myxomycete-like organisms (MMLO) in the canopy of living deciduous trees was studied in a riparian deciduous forest at Leipzig, Germany. A systematic survey carried out with a total of 146 moist chamber cultures resulted in 386 records of 37 taxa, with 32 myxomycetes, two myxobacteria, two protostelids and the fruit body forming ciliate Sorogena stoianovitchae, the latter recorded for the first time for Europe. With 94% of all cultures positive for MMLO, these organisms are present consistently in the investigated sections of white-rotten twigs attached to living trees at 10-30 m above the ground. Our sampling recovered a majority of the likely species, with 37 out of the 42-45 predicted according to a species-accumulation curve and two other estimators of species richness. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling revealed pH, water-holding capacity and stage of decay to explain most of the variation in species distribution. Arcyria cinerea and Perichaena depressa as the most common species occurred in 32% and 29% of all samples, respectively. Viewing the sampled twigs as habitat islands and a single spore as sufficient to establish a population, a simulation program assuming a random spore rain estimated an average of 0.4 and 0.35 spore hits per twig as necessary to explain the observed frequencies. This is matched by the potential productivity of the substrate. All fruit bodies from the cultured twigs would be able to create a spore rain of 86 (A. cinerea) or 40 (P. depressa) spore hits per twig when dispersed evenly over the plot. The terminal fall velocity of spores was measured, revealing that it took about 5 h for a spore to land (30 m) in still air and indicating high dispersal ability for canopy-inhabiting MMLO.

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Mycetozoans

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Peer Review #1 of "Ecological distribution of protosteloid amoebae in New Zealand (v0.1)"

Peer Review #1 of "Ecological distribution of protosteloid amoebae in New Zealand (v0.1)"

A Morphologically Simple Species of Acrasis (Heterolobosea, Excavata), Acrasis helenhemmesae n. sp.

Species richness and ecological characterization of myxomycetes and myxomycete-like organisms in the canopy of a temperate deciduous forest

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