Myasthenia gravis associated with HTLV‐I infection and atypical brain lesions

Infectious causes of peripheral nervous system (PNS) disease are underrecognized but potentially treatable. Heightened awareness educed by advanced understanding of the presentations and management of these infections can aid diagnosis and facilitate treatment. In this review, we discuss the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of common bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections that affect the PNS. We additionally detail PNS side effects of some frequently used antimicrobial agents.

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“…9 Isolated cases of myasthenia gravis-like syndrome associated with HTLV-1 have also been reported in the literature. 10 Treatment is supportive.…”

Section: Viruses With Clinical Implications In the Pns Retrovirusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripheral Nervous System Manifestations of Infectious Diseases

Brizzi

Lyons

2014

The Neurohospitalist

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“…Viral infection, such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), poliomyelitis virus, human T lymphocyte oncovirus, viral pharyngitis, hepatitis C and B viruses, herpes simplex virus, West Nile virus, varicella, and Zika virus, was one of the possible triggers of MG due to molecular mimicry between AChR and viral antigen (3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Antibodies against the virus in inflammation may cross-react with the AChR and thus break selftolerance.…”

Section: Open Access Edited Bymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ChIP-X Enrichment Analysis 3 (ChEA3) database 4 was used to predict TFs targeting shared genes. The top 10 TFs were identified by average score, and the gene regulatory network was constructed using Cytoscape.…”

Section: Gene Regulatory Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of key genes as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for comorbidity of myasthenia gravis and COVID-19

Huang,

Zuo,

Yang

et al. 2024

Front. Neurol.

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IntroductionMyasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune neuromuscular disorder. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a significant impact on the health and quality of life of MG patients and may even trigger the onset of MG in some cases. With the worldwide development of the COVID-19 vaccination, several new-onset MG cases and exacerbations following the COVID-19 vaccines have been acknowledged. The potential link between myasthenia gravis (MG) and COVID-19 has prompted the need for further investigation into the underlying molecular mechanism.Methods and resultsThe differential expression analysis identified six differentially expressed genes (DEGs) shared by myasthenia gravis (MG) and COVID-19, namely SAMD9, PLEK, GZMB, JUNB, NR4A1, and NR1D1. The relationship between the six common genes and immune cells was investigated in the COVID-19 dataset. The predictive value of the shared genes was assessed and a nomogram was constructed using machine learning algorithms. The regulatory miRNAs, transcription factors and small molecular drugs were predicted, and the molecular docking was carried out by AutoDock.DiscussionWe have identified six common DEGs of MG and COVID-19 and explored their immunological effects and regulatory mechanisms. The result may provide new insights for further mechanism research.

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“…Comparing the human and deltaretrovirus genome from different time points, we can assume that the virus in a general way did not change at all, but human populations became much more vulnerable now than in the past to different microorganisms. Different vaccines, a lot of new chemical drugs and modern curative measures have been selecting less adapted human beings, so in these subjects the immune system does not respond appropriately, and an example of it are the autoimmune diseases associated to HTLV-1 infection among human beings [29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Human Deltaretroviruses Evolution and Human Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses Evolution Possibly Explained by Primate Deltaretrovirus Geographical Segregation

Kanzaki

Casseb²

2008

Retrovirology: Research and Treatment

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The primate T cell lymphotropic virus group comprises pathogenic and apathogenic agents found in human and simian hosts. Up to date, three types of the simian T cell lymphotropic virus/STLV and four types of the human T cell lymphotropic virus/HTLV have been isolated and characterized from non human primates and from human hosts respectively. We have not found evidences of STLV-1 infection among new world monkeys and besides fi ndings of HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 infection among brazilian mixed ethnic populations and Amerindians respectively, some unresolved HTLV indeterminate-Western blot results prevailed among human groups of different ethnic background. Based on recent serologic detection, isolation and characterization of HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 among African populations in central Africa and additional unrefutable evidences of early human migration from Africa and Australia to the American continent previously of Asiatic population migration lead us to hypothesize that human descendents of mixed Amerinds and Africans or remaining Africans explain the very frequent presence of Western blot-indeterminate results for HTLV-1/2 that we and other groups have been detecting and also the unusual absence of HTLV-2 infection among some relatively homogeneous ethnic native human populations in the American continent.

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Myasthenia gravis associated with HTLV‐I infection and atypical brain lesions

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Peripheral Nervous System Manifestations of Infectious Diseases

Peripheral Nervous System Manifestations of Infectious Diseases

Identification of key genes as potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for comorbidity of myasthenia gravis and COVID-19

Human T-Lymphotropic Viruses Evolution Possibly Explained by Primate Deltaretrovirus Geographical Segregation

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