MXenes for Energy Harvesting

Abstract

Energy harvesting modules play an increasingly important role in the development of autonomous self‐powered microelectronic devices. MXenes (i.e., 2D transition metal carbide/nitride) have recently emerged as promising candidates for energy applications due to their excellent electronic conductivity, large specific surface area, and tunable properties. Herein, a perspective on using MXenes to harvest energy from various sources in the environment is presented. First, the characteristics of MXenes that facilitate energy capturing are systematically introduced and the preparation strategies of MXenes and their derived nanostructures tailored toward such applications are summarized. Subsequently, the harvesting mechanism of different energy sources (e.g., solar energy, thermoelectric energy, triboelectric energy, piezoelectric energy, salinity‐gradient energy, electrokinetic energy, ultrasound energy, and humidity energy) are discussed. Then, the recent progress of MXene‐based nanostructures in energy harvesting, as well as their applications, is introduced. Finally, opinions on the existing challenges and future directions of MXene‐based nanostructure for energy harvesting are presented.

Electrically Conductive 2D Material Coatings for Flexible and Stretchable Electronics: A Comparative Review of Graphenes and MXenes

“…were not investigated thoroughly yet, especially in the form of coating. [278] Cho C. et al [31] dip-coated flexible PET substrates in a layer by layer fashion with PANi, GNPs, and CNTs from aqueous dispersion, obtaining a fully-organic TE material, as shown in Figure 8(a). GNPs and CNTs were stabilized using electrically conductive PEDOT:PSS.…”

“…Mxenes for thermoelectric energy generation were predicted to have good potential in light of their high electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient but have not been investigated thoroughly yet, especially in the form of coatings. [278] Cho C. et al [31] dip-coated flexible PET substrates in a layerby-layer fashion with PANi, GNPs, and CNTs from an aqueous dispersion, obtaining a fully organic TE material, as shown in Figure 8a. GNPs and CNTs were stabilized using electrically conductive PEDOT:PSS.…”

Scaled Deposition of Ti3C2Tx MXene on Complex Surfaces: Application Assessment as Rear Electrodes for Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells

“…The general formula defining MXenes is M n +1 X n T x , where M and X are similar to those of the parent MAX phase, and T x represents the surface-terminated species (−OH, −O, −F). 15 − 36 Since their first report in 2011, 18 MXenes have been broadly explored for various device applications, including transistors, 17 photodetectors, 19 , 20 sensors, 21 electromagnetic interference shielding, 22 solar trackers, 23 and solar cells. 24 Most notably for the latter, MXenes were mainly exploited because of their unique optoelectronic properties.…”

Recent Research Progress in the Structure, Fabrication, and Application of MXene-Based Heterostructures

“…At present, numerous synthesis routes of MXene-based heterostructures have been proposed, and the synthesized heterostructures have been widely applied in the fields of supercapacitors, sensors, batteries, and photocatalysts [ 46 , 47 , 48 ]. Currently, some effort has been spent in summarizing the research progress of MXene materials, and a few articles have been written to review the research progress of MXene-based heterostructures in a certain application scenario, which can be complementary to this work [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. In addition, the preparation and applications of MXene and MXene-based heterostructure materials are developing rapidly, and as a result, it is meaningful to write a timely review to summarize the current research status around this topic.…”