MXenes and MXene-supported nanocomposites: a novel materials for aqueous environmental remediation

Abstract

Water contamination has become a significant issue on a global scale.

Can MXene be the Effective Nanomaterial Family for the Membrane and Adsorption Technologies to Reach a Sustainable Green World?

“…Since the MXene nanomaterial family provides outstanding physicochemical and structural properties, it attracted considerable attention in different applications. Therefore, several critical reviews have been published dominantly focusing on its separation applications. ,,,,− However, most of them could not cover such a large number of separation applications and aimed to concentrate on specifically either the membrane ,− or adsorption ,− based separation processes. However, there are comprehensive review studies covering the potential of MXene membranes and adsorbents for a single separation application such as pervaporation, gas separation, − desalination, ,, dye removal, , oil-in-water separation, removal of heavy metal ions, and radionuclides. ,− On the other hand, few studies ,, aimed to highlight the effect of several strategies such as various surface modification approaches of MXene, intercalation methods to enhance interlayer distance of MXene nanochannels, etc.…”

“…Therefore, several critical reviews have been published dominantly focusing on its separation applications. 86 , 90 , 91 , 94 , 100 − 124 However, most of them could not cover such a large number of separation applications and aimed to concentrate on specifically either the membrane 90 , 100 − 102 or adsorption 94 , 103 − 108 based separation processes. However, there are comprehensive review studies covering the potential of MXene membranes and adsorbents for a single separation application such as pervaporation, 109 gas separation, 110 − 112 desalination, 86 , 113 , 114 dye removal, 91 , 115 oil-in-water separation, 116 removal of heavy metal ions, and radionuclides.…”

Surface termination dependent carbon dioxide reduction reaction on Ti3C2 MXene

“…In this context, MXenes, few-layered transition metal carbides and/or nitrides, have arisen as an attractive family of materials for the CO 2 RR, given their superior conductivity and hydrophilicity, making them very promising catalysts for this purpose. 23 MXenes are two-dimensional (2D) materials with M n+1 X n T x general chemical formula, where M denotes an early transition metal, X generally represents C and/or N, T x denotes the surface functional group, intrinsic to the MXene synthesis procedure, and n normally ranges from 1 to 3, [24][25][26] although MXenes with n = 4 have been already reported. 27 MXenes are normally gained by selective etching from precursor MAX phases, where A, normally a pelement like Al or Si, is removed using a hydrouoric acid (HF) solution, 28 although in situ HF can be used admixing lithium uoride (LiF) with hydrochloric acid (HCl).…”