MXene-polypyrrole electrodes for asymmetric supercapacitors

All Redox‐Active 2D MXene and 0D Phosphomolybdic Acid Nanoclusters‐Anchored Polypyrrole Nanotubes for High‐Performance Aqueous Hybrid Supercapacitors

“…Conducting polymers (CP), such as polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANi), and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PE-DOT) have been reported to be used as the positive electrode materials in HSCs. [14][15][16][17][18] Particularly, polypyrrole in the form of nanotubes (PPyNT) is the leading option as it has high theoretical capacity and remarkable conductivity in addition to their ease of synthesis. [19] Several studies have shown that PPyNT were successfully employed as the positive electrodes of supercapacitors with various negative electrode materials, such as activated carbon, [20] single-walled carbon nanotubes, [21] MnO 2 @reduced graphene oxide, [22] and other nanocomposites of carbon-based or metal oxide-based materials.…”

“…Conducting polymers (CP), such as polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANi), and poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) have been reported to be used as the positive electrode materials in HSCs [14–18] . Particularly, polypyrrole in the form of nanotubes (PPyNT) is the leading option as it has high theoretical capacity and remarkable conductivity in addition to their ease of synthesis [19] .…”

Applications of MXene-Containing Polypyrrole Nanocomposites in Electrochemical Energy Storage and Conversion

“…Besides, the voltage profiles of various MXenes have also been shown to demonstrate erratic results, implying that distinct MXenes are suitable for anode or cathode applications as well as for symmetric and asymmetric supercapacitors . Symmetrical ,, and asymmetrical ,, electrode designs involving PPy and MXene result in supercapacitors with differential and intriguing features that exhibit a high volumetric and specific capacitance but also an exceptional cycle life, resulting in enhanced long-term stability . For instance, in asymmetric SC construction, the working voltage window of Ti 3 C 2 T x -based microsupercapacitors (MSCs) is relatively limited (0.6 V), which limits its practical applicability.…”

A high-performance supercapacitor based on free-standing V4C3TX@NiO-reduced graphene oxide core–shell hierarchical heterostructured hydrogel electrodes

“…4 SCs have been attracting increasing attention where high power density, excellent cycling stability, and fast charging/discharging is required, such as electric/hybrid vehicles, load-leveling systems for intermittent renewable energy sources and light rail, and hybrid batteries. [5][6][7] Although SCs can deliver a higher energy density than capacitors, the performance remains lower than that of batteries. 5 According to the charge storage mechanism, SCs can be classied into electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) and pseudocapacitors.…”

“…Most pseudocapacitive materials are conductive polymers and metal oxides/hydroxides. 6,[10][11][12][13] EDLC electrodes typically display a rapid charge/ discharge rate, but low energy density, while pseudocapacitive electrodes exhibit a high specic capacitance and energy density, but low electrical conductivity and power density. Hence, extensive application of SCs is hampered by the limited energy capacity, and widespread research efforts have been dedicated to improving the energy density of SCs.…”