Mutator activity in maize correlates with the presence and expression of the Mu transposable element Mu9.

Hershberger, R. Jane; Warren, Christine; Walbot, Virginia

doi:10.1073/pnas.88.22.10198

Cited by 90 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Functions required for transposition are supplied in trans by the Mutatorregulatory element MuDR (named in honor of D. Robertson), a 4.9-kb element with ~2 0 0 -bp terminal inverted repeats that are shared with the other Mu element classes. dMuDR elements are derived from MuDR elements by internal deletion (Chomet et al, 1991;Hershberger et al, 1991;Qin et al, 1991), but most of the other classes of Mu elements have unrelated internal sequences. Full-length MuDR elements encode two genes, at least one of which is required for transposition (Hershberger et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dMuDR elements are derived from MuDR elements by internal deletion (Chomet et al, 1991;Hershberger et al, 1991;Qin et al, 1991), but most of the other classes of Mu elements have unrelated internal sequences. Full-length MuDR elements encode two genes, at least one of which is required for transposition (Hershberger et al, 1991). A number of properties make Mu uniquely suited for site-selected insertional mutagenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Site-Selected Transposon Mutagenesis at the hcf106 Locus in Maize

Das¹,

Martienssen²

1995

The Plant Cell

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The High chlorophyll fluorescencel06 (HcflO6) gene in maize is required for chloroplast membrane biogenesis, and the hcf706muml allele is caused by the insertion of a Robertson's Mutator Mul element into the promoter of the gene. Seedlings homozygous for hcfl06-muml are pale green and die 3 weeks after germination, but only in the presence of Mutator activity conferred by active, autonomous Mu regulatory transposons elsewhere in the genome. When Mutator activity is lost, the mutant phenotype is suppressed, and homozygous plants have an almost wild-type phenotype. To isolate derivative alleles at the hcflO6 locus that no longer require Mutator activity for phenotypic expression, we have developed a method for site-selected transposon mutagenesis in maize. This procedure, first described for Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila, involves using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to screen pools of individuals for insertions and deletions in genes of known sequence. Pools of seedlings segregating for the progenitor allele hcf708muml were screened by PCR for insertions and deletions associated with Robertson's Mutator. In a 360-bp target region, two new insertions and one deletion were identified in only 700 Mu-active gametes screened. One of the insertions was in the progenitor hcfl06-muml allele and the other was in the wild-type allele, but all three new alleles were found to have breakpoints at the Same nucleotide in the first intron. Unlike the hcfl06-muml progenitor allele, the deletion and one of the insertions conferred pale green seedling lethal phenotypes in the absence of Mutator activity. However, the second insertion had a weak, viable phenotype under these conditions. Although the sample size was small, our results suggest that this procedure can be used to rapidly identify transposon insertions into known genes in a single generation. Null derivative alleles,can then be isolated in a second generation using the insertion as a starting point. This two-step procedure represents a powerful and simple way to "knock out" maize genes identified by sequence alone by using only a few thousand progeny from a simple cross.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Site-Selected Transposon Mutagenesis at the hcf106 Locus in Maize

Das¹,

Martienssen²

1995

The Plant Cell

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…M76978, the upper and lower case letters indicate nucleotides identical to and different from the TIR sequence of MITE2, respectively). The Mu element occurs in a 9 bp TSD sequence at the insertion point (Hershberger et al 1991), suggesting that MITE2 is a carrot Mu-related element. Southern analysis to the carrot genomic DNA using the DNA fragment of MITE2 as a probe showed smear patterns on every lane of the DNA digested by several restriction endonucleases, patterns similar to the profiles obtained using MITE1 as a probe (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements inserted into the promoter region of a carrot phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene and its gene expression

Kimura

Oyanagi

Fukuda

et al. 2008

Plant Biotechnology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…E-mail: walbot@stanford.edu germinal transposition events occur during the last few cell divisions of tissue development (Levy and Walbot, 1990;Walbot and Rudenko, 2002). As expected the copy number of MuDR correlates with amount of mudrA and mudrB transcripts (Hershberger et al, 1991), but does not affect either the frequency or the timing of somatic excision (Lisch et al, 1999;Walbot, 1991). Second, Mutator activity is heritable, but unstable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic silencing and unstable inheritance of MuDR activity monitored at four bz2-mu alleles in maize (Zea mays L.)

Takumi

Walbot²

2007

Genes Genet. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maize MuDR/Mu elements are one of the most active Class II transposons and are widely used for transposon tagging for gene cloning. The autonomous MuDR encodes a transposase, while diverse non-autonomous elements share similarity to MuDR only within their ~215 bp terminal inverted repeats (TIRs). Four independent Mu-induced mutable alleles of the anthocyanin pigment pathway Bronze2 (Bz2) locus have been sequenced; bz2-mu1, bz2-mu2, and bz2-mu3 contain Mu1 element insertions while bz2-mu4 contains a MuDR insertion. Somatic excision activity can be monitored for each allele as a purple spotted phenotype on the otherwise beige epidermal layer of the kernel. To study epigenetic silencing of Mu elements, we investigated inheritance of somatic transposition of these four reporter alleles, and using samples from leaves just below the ear and the tassel, DNA methylation status and mudrA expression were quantified through three consecutive generations. Percentages of spotted kernels when crossed into bz2 tester as pollen parent were lower than those when crossed with bz2 tester as ear parent in all bz2-mu alleles. The propensity for silencing in kernels with different frequencies of spotting was investigated. In the inactive lines, both MuDR and Mu1 elements were de novo methylated. The transposition frequency was negatively correlated with the level of Mu methylation and positively correlated with the level of mudrA transcript. The most reliable indicator of incipient silencing was a decrease in mudrA transcript levels in the leaf below the tassel, and this transcriptional silencing could precede methylation of Mu elements.

show abstract

Mutator activity in maize correlates with the presence and expression of the Mu transposable element Mu9.

Cited by 90 publications

References 23 publications

Site-Selected Transposon Mutagenesis at the hcf106 Locus in Maize

Site-Selected Transposon Mutagenesis at the hcf106 Locus in Maize

Role of miniature inverted repeat transposable elements inserted into the promoter region of a carrot phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene and its gene expression

Epigenetic silencing and unstable inheritance of MuDR activity monitored at four bz2-mu alleles in maize (Zea mays L.)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About