Mutations in the TORNADO2 gene affect cellular decisions in the peripheral zone of the shoot apical meristem of Arabidopsis thaliana

Chiu, Wei-Hsin; Chandler, John W.; Cnops, Gerda; Lijsebettens, Mieke Van; Werr, Wolfgang

doi:10.1007/s11103-006-9105-z

Cited by 41 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…2), in the vascular tissues of cotyledons and rosette leaves, and in the stigma and transmitting tissue of the female gametophyte (Supplemental Figs. S1,C,J and N,and S2,A and B), which correlated with tet1 mutant phenotypes observed in root and leaf (Cnops et al, 2000(Cnops et al, , 2006, in SAM (Chiu et al, 2007), in embryo (Lieber et al, 2011), and in fertility, which was strikingly different from TET2 expression specifically in the stomatal cell lineage (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Divergent Tet Expression Patterns Within Clades But Overlapsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…In plants, phylogenetic studies identified 17 tetraspanin genes in the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome, most of which are duplicated (Cnops et al, 2006;Wang et al, 2012;Boavida et al, 2013). Mutants of the Arabidopsis TETRASPANIN1/ TORNADO2/EKEKO (TET1/TRN2) show defects in leaf lamina symmetry and venation pattern, root epidermal patterning (Cnops et al, 2000(Cnops et al, , 2006, peripheral zone identity of the SAM (Chiu et al, 2007), and megasporogenesis (Lieber et al, 2011). A number of Arabidopsis tetraspanins are expressed in reproductive tissues and at fertilization, and are localized at the plasma membrane of protoplasts (Boavida et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Functional Analysis of Arabidopsis TETRASPANIN Gene Family in Plant Growth and Development

et al. 2015

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TETRASPANIN (TET) genes encode conserved integral membrane proteins that are known in animals to function in cellular communication during gamete fusion, immunity reaction, and pathogen recognition. In plants, functional information is limited to one of the 17 members of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) TET gene family and to expression data in reproductive stages. Here, the promoter activity of all 17 Arabidopsis TET genes was investigated by pAtTET::NUCLEAR LOCALIZATION SIGNAL-GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN/b-GLUCURONIDASE reporter lines throughout the life cycle, which predicted functional divergence in the paralogous genes per clade. However, partial overlap was observed for many TET genes across the clades, correlating with few phenotypes in single mutants and, therefore, requiring double mutant combinations for functional investigation. Mutational analysis showed a role for TET13 in primary root growth and lateral root development and redundant roles for TET5 and TET6 in leaf and root growth through negative regulation of cell proliferation. Strikingly, a number of TET genes were expressed in embryonic and seedling progenitor cells and remained expressed until the differentiation state in the mature plant, suggesting a dynamic function over developmental stages. The cis-regulatory elements together with transcription factor-binding data provided molecular insight into the sites, conditions, and perturbations that affect TET gene expression and positioned the TET genes in different molecular pathways; the data represent a hypothesis-generating resource for further functional analyses.

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Section: Divergent Tet Expression Patterns Within Clades But Overlapsupporting

confidence: 73%

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confidence: 99%

Functional Analysis of Arabidopsis TETRASPANIN Gene Family in Plant Growth and Development

et al. 2015

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“…The sizes of SAMs vary considerably across the plant kingdom (Steeves and Sussex, 1989) and the influences of new regulators on SAM size are continuously being revealed (Chaudhury et al, 1993;Clark et al, 1993Clark et al, , 1995Running et al, 2004;Green et al, 2005;Chiu et al, 2007). The discovery of highly abnormally sized SAMs as a consequence of simultaneous interference with auxin transport and ARF function may provide an entry point in the genetic analysis of auxin's role in this process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MultipleMONOPTEROS-Dependent Pathways Are Involved in Leaf Initiation

2008

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Initiation of leaves at the flanks of the shoot apical meristem occurs at sites of auxin accumulation and pronounced expression of auxin-inducible PIN-FORMED1 (PIN) genes, suggesting a feedback loop to progressively focus auxin in concrete spots. Because PIN expression is regulated by auxin response factor activity, including MONOPTEROS (MP), it appeared possible that MP affects leaf formation as a positive regulator of PIN genes and auxin transport. Here, we analyze a novel, completely leafless phenotype arising from simultaneous interference with both auxin signaling and auxin transport. We show that mp pin1 double mutants, as well as mp mutants treated with auxin-efflux inhibitors, display synergistic abnormalities not seen in wild type regardless of how strongly auxin transport was reduced. The synergism of abnormalities indicates that the role of MP in shoot meristem organization is not limited to auxin transport regulation. In the mp mutant background, auxin transport inhibition completely abolishes leaf formation. Instead of forming leaves, the abnormal shoot meristems dramatically increase in size, harboring correspondingly enlarged expression domains of CLAVATA3 and SHOOTMERISTEMLESS, molecular markers for the central stem cell zone and the complete meristem, respectively. The observed synergism under conditions of auxin efflux inhibition was further supported by an unrestricted PIN1 expression in mp meristems, as compared to a partial restriction in wild-type meristems. Auxin transport-inhibited mp meristems also lacked detectable auxin maxima. We conclude that MP promotes the focusing of auxin and leaf initiation in part through pathways not affected by auxin efflux inhibitors.

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“…The probes were obtained from the respective open reading frames: for CUC2, from nucleotides ?509 to ?1,128 relative to the start codon and for CUC3, from nucleotides ?398 to ?948 relative to the start codon. Probes for STM and WUS were derived from their respective open reading frames as in Chiu et al (2007).…”

Section: Histological Analyses and In Situ Hybridisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic integration of DORNRÖSCHEN and DORNRÖSCHEN-LIKE reveals hierarchical interactions in auxin signalling and patterning of the Arabidopsis apical embryo

et al. 2010

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DORNRÖSCHEN (DRN) and DORNRÖSCHEN-LIKE (DRNL) encode AP2-domain transcription factors, which act redundantly in cotyledon organogenesis. A more detailed genetic study now integrates DRN and DRNL into the CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON (CUC) regulatory network and places DRN and DRNL differentially within the auxin signalling network: DRNL function overlaps with that of PIN-FORMED1, and DRN with PINOID. DRN and DRNL act cell-autonomously and are co-expressed in the early globular embryo, whereas expression patterns diverge during later stages of embryogeny. Both genes synergize to provide essential patterning information in the apical embryo domain, to establish correct CUC, SHOOTMERISTEMLESS and WUSCHEL expression domains, which relates to the patterning of SAM anlagen to a central apical position to create two planes of bilateral symmetry in wild type Arabidopsis thaliana embryos.

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Mutations in the TORNADO2 gene affect cellular decisions in the peripheral zone of the shoot apical meristem of Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 41 publications

References 32 publications

Functional Analysis of Arabidopsis TETRASPANIN Gene Family in Plant Growth and Development

Functional Analysis of Arabidopsis TETRASPANIN Gene Family in Plant Growth and Development

MultipleMONOPTEROS-Dependent Pathways Are Involved in Leaf Initiation

Genetic integration of DORNRÖSCHEN and DORNRÖSCHEN-LIKE reveals hierarchical interactions in auxin signalling and patterning of the Arabidopsis apical embryo

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