Mutations in the Pectin Methyltransferase QUASIMODO2 Influence Cellulose Biosynthesis and Wall Integrity in Arabidopsis

Du, Juan; Kirui, Alex; Huang, Shixin; Wang, Lianglei; Barnes, William J.; Kiemle, Sarah N.; Zheng, Yu-Jun; Rui, Yue; Ruan, Mei; Qi, Shiqian; Kim, Seong H.; Wang, Tuo; Cosgrove, Daniel J.; Anderson, Charles T.; Xiao, Chaowen

doi:10.1105/tpc.20.00252

Cited by 89 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(152 reference statements)

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“…However, the mutants also displayed reduced cellulose crystallinity, hypersensitivity to isoxaben, and radial expansion, which are typical for cellulose biosynthetic mutants. Moreover, it was shown that the transcript levels of FEI1 and FEI2 were significantly reduced in pectin-deficient qua2 mutants [39], which was interpreted as evidence of an important role of pectin in controlling cellulose deposition. Furthermore, it was shown that loss of function mutations in the SHOU4 and SHOU4L loci (shou meaning 'slim in Chinese) that encode novel membrane proteins partially suppressed the fei1 fei2 phenotype and increased cellulose deposition.…”

Section: The Fla4-fei Pathway Genetically Interacts With Primary Cellmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…While cellulose and hemicellulose on the one hand and pectin on the other hand have previously been depicted as forming largely independent networks in the cell wall [36,37], the biomechanical hotspot model suggests a close association between all three groups of biopolymers in biomechanically critical microdomains [38]. A recent example of the physiological link between pectin and cellulose was the demonstration that the QUASIMODO2 (QUA2) locus, which primarily acts in pectin biosynthesis, also had a great impact on cellulose biosynthesis and crystallinity [39]. Moreover, to reinforce the cell wall in situations of biotic and abiotic stress, crosslinking of cell wall glycoproteins, such as extensins and arabinogalactan proteins, by cell wall peroxidases might play an important conditional role [40][41][42].…”

Section: The Fla4-fei Pathway Genetically Interacts With Primary Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The FLA4-FEI Pathway: A Unique and Mysterious Signaling Module Related to Cell Wall Structure and Stress Signaling

Seifert

2021

Genes

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Cell wall integrity control in plants involves multiple signaling modules that are mostly defined by genetic interactions. The putative co-receptors FEI1 and FEI2 and the extracellular glycoprotein FLA4 present the core components of a signaling pathway that acts in response to environmental conditions and insults to cell wall structure to modulate the balance of various growth regulators and, ultimately, to regulate the performance of the primary cell wall. Although the previously established genetic interactions are presently not matched by intermolecular binding studies, numerous receptor-like molecules that were identified in genome-wide interaction studies potentially contribute to the signaling machinery around the FLA4-FEI core. Apart from its function throughout the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana for the homeostasis of growth and stress responses, the FLA4-FEI pathway might support important agronomic traits in crop plants.

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Section: The Fla4-fei Pathway Genetically Interacts With Primary Cellmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: The Fla4-fei Pathway Genetically Interacts With Primary Cellmentioning

confidence: 99%

The FLA4-FEI Pathway: A Unique and Mysterious Signaling Module Related to Cell Wall Structure and Stress Signaling

Seifert

2021

Genes

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“…The same plants not only express high levels of OG-oxidases but also an oxidase acting on CDs (Locci et al, 2019). Notably, recent studies show that cellulose and pectin interact (Du et al, 2020;Palacio-Lopez et al, 2020) and that cellulose microfibers and HG nanofilaments form a single cohesive network (Haas et al, 2020;Zhang and Zhang, 2020).…”

Section: Final Considerations: the Role Of Oxidases In The Maintenancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dampening the DAMPs: How Plants Maintain the Homeostasis of Cell Wall Molecular Patterns and Avoid Hyper-Immunity

et al. 2020

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Several oligosaccharide fragments derived from plant cell walls activate plant immunity and behave as typical damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). Some of them also behave as negative regulators of growth and development, and due to their antithetic effect on immunity and growth, their concentrations, activity, time of formation, and localization is critical for the so-called “growth-defense trade-off.” Moreover, like in animals, over accumulation of DAMPs in plants provokes deleterious physiological effects and may cause hyper-immunity if the cellular mechanisms controlling their homeostasis fail. Recently, a mechanism has been discovered that controls the activity of two well-known plant DAMPs, oligogalacturonides (OGs), released upon hydrolysis of homogalacturonan (HG), and cellodextrins (CDs), products of cellulose breakdown. The potential homeostatic mechanism involves specific oxidases belonging to the family of berberine bridge enzyme-like (BBE-like) proteins. Oxidation of OGs and CDs not only inactivates their DAMP activity, but also makes them a significantly less desirable food source for microbial pathogens. The evidence that oxidation and inactivation of OGs and CDs may be a general strategy of plants for controlling the homeostasis of DAMPs is discussed. The possibility exists of discovering additional oxidative and/or inactivating enzymes targeting other DAMP molecules both in the plant and in animal kingdoms.

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“…There is crosstalk between cell wall components (12). For example, plants with a defect in hemicellulose production or in the pectin methylation exhibit reduced cellulose content (58, 59). Indeed, we found that SUB activity is downregulated upon application of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), an inhibitor of pectin methylesterase activity (60), to seven-day-old seedlings leading.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell wall damage impairs root hair cell patterning and tissue morphogenesis mediated by the Arabidopsis receptor kinase STRUBBELIG

Chaudhary

Chen

Leśniewska

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Cell wall remodeling is essential for the control of growth and development as well as the regulation of stress responses. However, the underlying cell wall monitoring mechanisms remain poorly understood. Regulation of root hair fate and flower development in Arabidopsis thaliana requires signaling mediated by the atypical receptor kinase STRUBBELIG (SUB). Furthermore, SUB is involved in cell wall integrity signaling and regulates the cellular response to reduced levels of cellulose, a central component of the cell wall. Here, we show that continuous exposure to sub-lethal doses of the cellulose biosynthesis inhibitor isoxaben results in altered root hair patterning and floral morphogenesis. Genetically impairing cellulose biosynthesis also results in root hair patterning defects. We further show that isoxaben exerts its developmental effects through the attenuation of SUB signaling. Our evidence indicates that down-regulation of SUB is a multi-step process and involves changes in SUB complex architecture at the plasma membrane, enhanced removal of SUB from the cell surface, and downregulation of SUB transcript levels. The results provide molecular insight into how the cell wall regulates cell fate and tissue morphogenesis.

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Mutations in the Pectin Methyltransferase QUASIMODO2 Influence Cellulose Biosynthesis and Wall Integrity in Arabidopsis

Abstract: Physical and functional interactions between pectin and cellulose are required for normal wall assembly and plant growth, as revealed in analyses of mutants for a pectin methyltransferase.

Cited by 89 publications

References 108 publications

The FLA4-FEI Pathway: A Unique and Mysterious Signaling Module Related to Cell Wall Structure and Stress Signaling

The FLA4-FEI Pathway: A Unique and Mysterious Signaling Module Related to Cell Wall Structure and Stress Signaling

Dampening the DAMPs: How Plants Maintain the Homeostasis of Cell Wall Molecular Patterns and Avoid Hyper-Immunity

Cell wall damage impairs root hair cell patterning and tissue morphogenesis mediated by the Arabidopsis receptor kinase STRUBBELIG

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